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Review
. 2016 Jan;106(1):62-9.
doi: 10.5935/abc.20160005. Epub 2015 Dec 8.

Cardiac Remodeling: Concepts, Clinical Impact, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Pharmacologic Treatment

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Paula S Azevedo  1 , Bertha F Polegato  1 , Marcos F Minicucci  1 , Sergio A R Paiva  1 , Leonardo A M Zornoff  1
Affiliations
Review

Cardiac Remodeling: Concepts, Clinical Impact, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Pharmacologic Treatment

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Paula S Azevedo et al. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2016 Jan.

Abstract

Cardiac remodeling is defined as a group of molecular, cellular and interstitial changes that manifest clinically as changes in size, mass, geometry and function of the heart after injury. The process results in poor prognosis because of its association with ventricular dysfunction and malignant arrhythmias. Here, we discuss the concepts and clinical implications of cardiac remodeling, and the pathophysiological role of different factors, including cell death, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, collagen, contractile proteins, calcium transport, geometry and neurohormonal activation. Finally, the article describes the pharmacological treatment of cardiac remodeling, which can be divided into three different stages of strategies: consolidated, promising and potential strategies.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential Conflict of Interest

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Left ventricular remodeling in the chronic phase of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Sequence of events from cardiac injury to cardiac dysfunction.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pharmacological treatment of cardiac remodeling. ACE: Angiotensin-converting-enzyme; ARBs: Angiotensin receptor blockers.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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