Role of Stem Cells Transplantation in Tissue Regeneration After Acute or Chronic Acetaminophen Induced Liver Injury

Abstract

Purpose: Acetaminophen-induced liver injury (APAP) is recognized as a frequent etiologic factor responsible for hepatic damage in the developed world. Management remains still elusive as treatment options are limited and their results are inconclusive. Consequently new strategies are explored at the experimental level. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) present a promising modality as they can promote liver regeneration (LG) and compensate acute liver injury (ALI).

Materials and methods: Our research was focused on articles related to drug-induced liver injury, mechanisms of liver regeneration (LG) after Acute Liver Injury (ALI) and recent experimental protocols of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) transplantation after chemical insult. All these studies are cited on Pubmed and MedLine.

Results: This review has three distinct sections. First recent developments in ALI pathogenesis are presented. The second section covers cellular pathways and histological findings relevant to liver regeneration. The final chapter analyzes MSCs transplantation protocols after ALI and interrelation between liver regeneration and hepatic differentiation of MSCs.

Conclusion: Adipose tissue stem cells (ADSCs) and (MSCs) transplantation represents a promising modality in severe ALI management although many aspects remain to be clarified.

Keywords: acute liver injury (ALI); adipose tissue stem cells (ADSCs); liver regeneration (LG); mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); paracetamol induced injury (APAP induced injury).