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. 2015 Dec 14;10(12):e0144744.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144744. eCollection 2015.

Finite Element Analysis of Bone Stress around Micro-Implants of Different Diameters and Lengths with Application of a Single or Composite Torque Force

Ying-juan Lu  1 , Shao-hai Chang  1 , Jian-tao Ye  1 , Yu-shan Ye  1 , Yan-song Yu  1
Affiliations

Finite Element Analysis of Bone Stress around Micro-Implants of Different Diameters and Lengths with Application of a Single or Composite Torque Force

Ying-juan Lu et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Stress on the bone surrounding dental micro-implants affects implant success.

Purpose: To compare the stress on the bone surrounding a micro-implant after application of a single force (SF) of 200 g or a composite force (CF) of 200 g and 6 N.mm torque.

Materials and methods: Finite element models were developed for micro-implant diameters of 1.2, 1.6, and 2.0 mm, and lengths of 6, 8, 10, and 12 mm and either a SF or CF was applied. The maximum equivalent stress (Max EQS) of the bone surrounding the micro-implant was determined, and the relationships among type of force, diameter, and length were evaluated.

Results: The Max EQS of the CF exceeded that of the SF (P< 0.05). The effect of force on stress was related to implant diameter, but not to implant length. The larger CF led to greater instability of the micro-implant and the effect was most pronounced at an implant diameter of 1.2 mm. The use of implant diameters of 1.6 mm and 2.0 mm produced no significant difference in implant stability when either a CF or SF was applied.

Conclusion: When considering the use of an implant to perform three-dimensional control on the teeth, the implant diameter chosen should be > 1.2 mm.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Illustrations of forces applied to the implant in the model.
(A) Single force. (B) Torque. (C) Composite force. (D) Single force stress disturbances. The circle is the cross section of micro-implant. The micro-implant with a diameter of 1.2 mm and a length of 6 mm has equivalent stress disturbances on the surrounding cortical bone. The arrow refers to horizontal force, i.e., the single force (SF). (E) Composite force stress disturbances. The circle is the cross section of a micro-implant. The micro-implant with a diameter of 1.2 mm and a length of 6 mm has equivalent stress disturbances on the surrounding cortical bone. The composite force is the superposition of the single force and torque force. The horizontal arrow refers to the single force and the curved arrow refers to the torque force.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Maximum equivalent stress (Max EQS) in (A) cortical bone and (B) cancellous bone with application of a single force (SF) and composite force (CF).
Fig 3
Fig 3. Interaction of force type and implant diameter on Max EQS in cortical bone.
SF, single force; CF, composite force.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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