Diversity in Clinical and Biomedical Research: A Promise Yet to Be Fulfilled

doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001918

. 2015 Dec 15;12(12):e1001918.

doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001918. eCollection 2015 Dec.

Diversity in Clinical and Biomedical Research: A Promise Yet to Be Fulfilled

Sam S Oh¹, Joshua Galanter^{1

2}, Neeta Thakur¹, Maria Pino-Yanes^{1

3

4}, Nicolas E Barcelo¹, Marquitta J White¹, Danielle M de Bruin¹, Ruth M Greenblatt^{1

5}, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo^{1

6}, Alan H B Wu⁷, Luisa N Borrell⁸, Chris Gunter^{9

10}, Neil R Powe^{1

6}, Esteban G Burchard^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
² Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
³ CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
⁴ Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain.
⁵ Departments of Clinical Pharmacy, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
⁶ Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
⁷ Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
⁸ School of Health Sciences, Human Services and Nursing, Department of Health Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
⁹ Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
¹⁰ Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.

PMID: 26671224
PMCID: PMC4679830
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001918

Diversity in Clinical and Biomedical Research: A Promise Yet to Be Fulfilled

Sam S Oh et al. PLoS Med. 2015.

. 2015 Dec 15;12(12):e1001918.

doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001918. eCollection 2015 Dec.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
² Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
³ CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
⁴ Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain.
⁵ Departments of Clinical Pharmacy, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
⁶ Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
⁷ Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
⁸ School of Health Sciences, Human Services and Nursing, Department of Health Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
⁹ Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
¹⁰ Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.

PMID: 26671224
PMCID: PMC4679830
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001918

Abstract

Esteban Gonzalez Burchard and colleagues explore how making medical research more diverse would aid not only social justice but scientific quality and clinical effectiveness, too.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have read the journal's policy and have the following conflicts: EGB serves as an advisor to the National Academy of Sciences to advise them and the US Congress on gene-environment interactions. EGB also serves on the Expert Panel for President Obama’s Precision Medicine Initiative. EGB, SSO, JG, NT, MPY, NEB, MJW, DMdB, KBD, AHBW, LNB, RMG, CG, and NRP are involved in health disparities research funded by NIH.

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References

1. US Congress. National Institutes of Health Revitalization Act of 1993: Act to Amend the Public Health Service Act to Revise and Extend the Programs of the National Institutes of Health, and for Other Purposes Public Law Washington, DC; 1993. pp. 103–143.
1. Canto JG, Goldberg RJ, Hand MM, Bonow RO, Sopko G, Pepine CJ, et al. Symptom presentation of women with acute coronary syndromes: myth vs reality. Archives of internal medicine. 2007;167: 2405–2413. 10.1001/archinte.167.22.2405 - DOI - PubMed
1. Gandhi M, Aweeka F, Greenblatt RM, Blaschke TF. Sex differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2004;44: 499–523. 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121453 - DOI - PubMed
1. Rathore SS, Wang Y, Krumholz HM. Sex-based differences in the effect of digoxin for the treatment of heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2002;347: 1403–1411. 10.1056/NEJMoa021266 - DOI - PubMed
1. Clayton JA, Collins FS. Policy: NIH to balance sex in cell and animal studies. Nature. 2014;509: 282–283. - PMC - PubMed

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[1] US Congress. National Institutes of Health Revitalization Act of 1993: Act to Amend the Public Health Service Act to Revise and Extend the Programs of the National Institutes of Health, and for Other Purposes Public Law Washington, DC; 1993. pp. 103–143.

[2] US Congress. National Institutes of Health Revitalization Act of 1993: Act to Amend the Public Health Service Act to Revise and Extend the Programs of the National Institutes of Health, and for Other Purposes Public Law Washington, DC; 1993. pp. 103–143.

[3] Canto JG, Goldberg RJ, Hand MM, Bonow RO, Sopko G, Pepine CJ, et al. Symptom presentation of women with acute coronary syndromes: myth vs reality. Archives of internal medicine. 2007;167: 2405–2413. 10.1001/archinte.167.22.2405 - DOI - PubMed

[4] Canto JG, Goldberg RJ, Hand MM, Bonow RO, Sopko G, Pepine CJ, et al. Symptom presentation of women with acute coronary syndromes: myth vs reality. Archives of internal medicine. 2007;167: 2405–2413. 10.1001/archinte.167.22.2405 - DOI - PubMed

[5] Gandhi M, Aweeka F, Greenblatt RM, Blaschke TF. Sex differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2004;44: 499–523. 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121453 - DOI - PubMed

[6] Gandhi M, Aweeka F, Greenblatt RM, Blaschke TF. Sex differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2004;44: 499–523. 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121453 - DOI - PubMed

[7] Rathore SS, Wang Y, Krumholz HM. Sex-based differences in the effect of digoxin for the treatment of heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2002;347: 1403–1411. 10.1056/NEJMoa021266 - DOI - PubMed

[8] Rathore SS, Wang Y, Krumholz HM. Sex-based differences in the effect of digoxin for the treatment of heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2002;347: 1403–1411. 10.1056/NEJMoa021266 - DOI - PubMed

[9] Clayton JA, Collins FS. Policy: NIH to balance sex in cell and animal studies. Nature. 2014;509: 282–283. - PMC - PubMed

[10] Clayton JA, Collins FS. Policy: NIH to balance sex in cell and animal studies. Nature. 2014;509: 282–283. - PMC - PubMed

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Diversity in Clinical and Biomedical Research: A Promise Yet to Be Fulfilled

Affiliations

Diversity in Clinical and Biomedical Research: A Promise Yet to Be Fulfilled

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