Advancing Cancer Control Through Research and Cancer Registry Collaborations in the Caribbean

Abstract

Background: Few national registries exist in the Caribbean, resulting in limited cancer statistics being available for the region. Therefore, estimates are frequently based on the extrapolation of mortality data submitted to the World Health Organization. Thus, regional cancer surveillance and research need promoting, and their synergy must be strengthened. However, differences between countries outweigh similarities, hampering registration and availability of data.

Methods: The African-Caribbean Cancer Consortium (AC3) is a broad-based resource for education, training, and research on all aspects of cancer in populations of African descent. The AC3 focuses on capacity building in cancer registration in the Caribbean through special topics, training sessions, and biannual meetings. We review the results from selected AC3 workshops, including an inventory of established cancer registries in the Caribbean region, current cancer surveillance statistics, and a review of data quality. We then describe the potential for cancer research surveillance activities and the role of policymakers.

Results: Twelve of 30 Caribbean nations have cancer registries. Four of these nations provide high-quality incidence data, thus covering 14.4% of the population; therefore, regional estimates are challenging. Existing research and registry collaborations must pave the way and are facilitated by organizations like the AC3.

Conclusions: Improved coverage for cancer registrations could help advance health policy through targeted research. Capacity building, resource optimization, collaboration, and communication between cancer surveillance and research teams are key to obtaining robust and complete data in the Caribbean.

Fig 1

Map of the Caribbean.

Fig 2

ASR(W) of and mortality from all cancer sites per 100,000 per year by world region. The Caribbean region is defined as the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and Trinidad and Tobago. ASR(W) = world age-standardized incidence rate. Data from reference 2.

Fig 3

Schematic of how surveillance data can be used to drive research studies through collaboration to promote cancer control.