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Observational Study
. 2016 Jan;30(2):203-10.
doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000892.

Rates of non-confounded HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in men initiating combination antiretroviral therapy during primary infection

Teresa H Evering  1 , Allison Applebaum, Melissa La Mar, Donald Garmon, David Dorfman, Martin Markowitz
Affiliations
Observational Study

Rates of non-confounded HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in men initiating combination antiretroviral therapy during primary infection

Teresa H Evering et al. AIDS. 2016 Jan.

Erratum in

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in HIV-infected participants who initiated combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) during primary infection.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Methods: HIV-infected men without neuropsychiatric confounds who had initiated cART during primary infection were administered a neuropsychological battery as well as questionnaires evaluating depression and quality of life. Eligibility was determined by a medical examination with history and review of records.

Results: Twenty-six primarily non-Hispanic white (73%), male (100%) participants were enrolled and underwent neurocognitive assessment. Mean age was 44 (28-71) years, with a median of 17 years of education (13-24). Median current and nadir CD4 T-cell counts were 828 (506-1411) and 359 (150-621) cells/μl. All participants had plasma HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies/ml. Median duration of cART prior to enrolment was 5.7 years (2.2-9.9). Median global deficit score was 0.17 (0.00-0.60). Only one (4%) participant was impaired.

Conclusion: Rates of HAND in this cohort of HIV-infected men without comorbid conditions who initiated early cART are low. Our findings suggest a possible neuroprotective benefit of early cART and an important contribution of comorbidities to observed HAND prevalence.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest

M.M. is a paid consultant for Merck and Gilead. He receives grant support from Gilead and GlaxoSmithKline and is on the Speakers Bureau for Gilead and Bristol-Myers Squibb. The remaining authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Clinical Flow Diagram with Reasons for Screen Failure
Figure 2
Figure 2
Composite Domain and Global Deficit Scores Mean Composite Domain (with standard deviations) (A) and individual and mean Global Deficit Scores (B) for the study cohort (n=26).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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