Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Comparative Study
. 2015 Dec 21:13:200.
doi: 10.1186/s12955-015-0397-z.

Shoulder pain and disability index: cross cultural validation and evaluation of psychometric properties of the Spanish version

Miguel David Membrilla-Mesa  1 , Antonio Ignacio Cuesta-Vargas  2   3 , Rocio Pozuelo-Calvo  1 , Victor Tejero-Fernández  1 , Lydia Martín-Martín  4 , Manuel Arroyo-Morales  4   5
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Shoulder pain and disability index: cross cultural validation and evaluation of psychometric properties of the Spanish version

Miguel David Membrilla-Mesa et al. Health Qual Life Outcomes. .

Abstract

Background: The Shoulder Pain Disability Index (SPADI) is a recently published but widely used outcome measure.

Methods: This study included 136 patients with shoulder disorders. SPADI was first translated and back-translated and then subjected to psychometric validation. Participants completed the Spanish versions of the SPADI, general health (SF-12), the Simple Shoulder Test (SST), Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaires and a pain intensity visual analog scale (VAS).

Results: The factors explained 62.8 % of the variance, with an internal consistency of α = 0.916 and 0.860, respectively. The confirmatory factor analysis showed a Comparative Fit Index of 0.82 and a Normed Fit Index of 0.80. The Root Mean Square Error of Aproximation was 0.12. The x (2) test for the 2-factor model was significant (x (2) = 185.41, df = 62, p < 0.01). The test-retest reliability was high, with an item ranging of the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) from 0.89 to 0.93. The ICC for the total score was 0.91 (95 % CI 0.88 to 0.94). Measurement error by minimal detectable change (MDC)95 was 12.2 %. In the construct validity analysis, strong positive correlations were observed between Spanish Version of the SPADI and DASH (pain: r = 0.80; p < 0.01; disability: r = 0.76; p < 0.01). Moderate positive correlations were observed between Spanish Version of the SPADI and VAS (pain: r = 0.67; p < 0.01; disability: r = 0.65; p < 0.01). Moderate negative correlations were obtained between Spanish Version of the SPADI and SST-Sp (pain: r = -0.71; p < 0.01; disability: r = -0.75; p < 0.01). However, pain total Spanish Version of the SPADI was only weakly correlated with physical and mental components of SF-12 (both r = 0.40; p < 0.01).

Conclusions: This Spanish version of SPADI demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties in a patient sample in the hospital setting.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The x2 test for the 2-factor model was significant
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. World Health Organization . ICF - International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2001. pp. 10–20.
    1. McBeth J, Jones K. Epidemiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2007;21:403–25. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2007.03.003. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Virta L, Joranger P, Brox JI, Eriksson R. Costs of shoulder pain and resource use in primary health care: a cost-of-illness study in Sweden. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2012;13:17. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-13-17. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Largacha M, Parsons IM, Campbell B, Titelman RM, Smith KL, Matsen F., III Deficits in shoulder function and general health associated with sixteen common shoulder diagnoses: a study of 2674 patients. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2006;15:30–9. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2005.04.006. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Paananen M, Taimela S, Auvinen J, Tammelin T, Zitting P, Karppinen J. Impact of self-reported musculoskeletal pain on health- related quality of life among young adults. Pain Medicine. 2011;12:9–17. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2010.01029.x. - DOI - PubMed

Publication types