Post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in the management of metastatic testis cancer: the 16-year experience in an Irish setting

Abstract

Introduction: Post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (PC-RPLND) is an important tool in the management of advanced germ cell testis cancer, particularly non-seminoma.

Aim: We present the 16-year experience with PC-RPLND in a single Irish tertiary referral centre, and compare our results to the major speciality centres worldwide.

Methodology: All 78 patients undergoing PC-RPLND for the treatment of metastatic testis cancer between January 1996 and December 2011 were included. Medical records were reviewed and up to date follow-up obtained from primary referral centres, patient's GPs and individual patient interview.

Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 28.5 ± 7 years. Initial pathology included non-seminoma 62.8 %, seminoma 6.4 % and combined 19.2 %. All patients underwent pre-operative chemotherapy. The resection template utilised was bilateral infra-hilar in 29.5 %, unilateral infra-hilar in 46.2 % and supra-hilar in 20.5 %. Complete abdominal remission was achieved in all but one patient. Additional procedures were required in 38.5 % of patients (n = 30). Clavien Dindo grade three or four complications were seen in 8.9 %, including five patients who required early reoperation. Histology of RPLND specimen showed mature teratoma (41 %) and active cancer (11.5 %). Follow-up data were available for 66 patients (85 %). Median follow-up was 101 (11-207) months. Nine patients relapsed with median time to relapse 15 (8-60) months. Overall 5-year survival rate was 95.2 % (four deaths).

Conclusion: In this relatively small series due to small population and low disease incidence, we have shown acceptable peri-operative course, morbidity and oncological outcomes with PC-RPLND compared to major international centres.

Keywords: Nonseminomatous germ cell tumour; Oncology; Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection; Seminoma; Teratoma; Testicular cancer; Urology.