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. 2015 Nov-Dec;5(6):553-9.

Growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of Scutellaria luteo-coerulea Bornm. & Sint. on leukemia cancer cell lines K562 and HL-60

Mahsa Motaez  1 , Seyed Ahmad Emami  2 , Zahra Tayarani-Najaran  1
Affiliations

Growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of Scutellaria luteo-coerulea Bornm. & Sint. on leukemia cancer cell lines K562 and HL-60

Mahsa Motaez et al. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2015 Nov-Dec.

Abstract

Objective: Scutellaria (Lamiaceae) has been implicated for medicinal purposes both in modern and traditional medicine. Some species of the genus Scutellaria has extensively been studied for anticancer activity. Scutellaria luteo-coerulea (S. luteo-coerulea) is one of the Iranian species of the genus Scutellaria.

Materials and methods: In the present study, cytotoxic and apoptogenic properties of CH2Cl2, EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O fractions of S. luteo-coerulea were investigated on K562. Moreover, HL-60. DNA fragmentation in apoptotic cells were determined by propidium iodide (PI) staining (sub-G1 peak).

Results: Scutellaria luteo-coerulea inhibited the growth of malignant cells in a dose-dependent manner. Among solvent fractions of S. luteo-coerulea, the CH2Cl2 fraction was found to be the most cytotoxic one among others. Sub-G1 peak in flow cytometry histogram of treated cells suggested the induction of apoptosis in S. luteo-coerulea.

Conclusion: Scutellaria luteo-coerulea could be a novel candidate for further analytical elucidation in respect to fine major components responsible for the cytotoxic effect of the plant also clinical evaluations.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Cytotoxicity; Lamiaceae; Scutellaria; luteo-coerulea.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Partitioning scheme using immiscible solvents
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dose-dependent growth inhibition of K562 and HL-60 cells by solvent fractions of S. luteo-coerulea (0-500 µg/mL) after 48 h. Viability was quantitated by MTS assay. The dose inducing IC50 against K562 and HL-60 by CH2Cl2, EtOAc, solvent fractions of S. luteo-coerulea were calculated 94.39, 1093, 53.96, and 528.8 respectively. Paclitaxel (700 nM) was used as a positive control. Results are expressed as mean±SEM (n = 3). ∗p<0.05, ∗∗p<0.01, and ∗∗∗p<0.001 compared to control.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Flow cytometry histograms of apoptosis assays by PI method in K562 and HL-60 cells. Cells were treated with different concentration of CH2Cl2 solvent fractions of S. luteo-coerulea (0, 15, 30, 60, and 125 µg/mL) for 48 h. Sub-G1 peak as an indicative of apoptotic cells, was induced in CH2Cl2 solvent fractions of S. luteo-coerulea treated but not in control cells. CH2Cl2 fraction-treated cells exhibited a sub-G1 peak in K562 and HL-60 cells in a concentration-dependent manner that indicates the involvement of an apoptotic process in CH2Cl2 fraction-induced cell death
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