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Review
. 2016 Mar;34(3):181-93.
doi: 10.1007/s11604-015-0514-2. Epub 2016 Jan 8.

Congenital anatomic variants of the kidney and ureter: a pictorial essay

M R Srinivas  1 , K M Adarsh  2 , Riya Jeeson  2 , C Ashwini  2 , B R Nagaraj  2
Affiliations
Review

Congenital anatomic variants of the kidney and ureter: a pictorial essay

M R Srinivas et al. Jpn J Radiol. 2016 Mar.

Abstract

Congenital renal parenchymal and pelvicalyceal abnormalities have a wide spectrum. Most of them are asymptomatic, like that of ectopia, cross fused kidney, horseshoe kidney, etc., while a few of them become complicated, leading to renal failure and death. It is very important for the radiologist to identify these anatomic variants and guide the clinicians for surgical and therapeutic procedures. Cross-sectional imaging with a volume rendered technique/maximum intensity projection has overcome ultrasonography and IVU for identification and interpretation of some of these variants.

Keywords: Horseshoe kidney; Intrathoracic ectopia; Pancake kidney; Renal agenesis; Zinner’s syndrome.

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