Thrombus aspiration in acute myocardial infarction: concepts, clinical trials, and current guidelines

Abstract

The pathogenesis that underlies acute myocardial infarction is complex and multifactorial. One of the most important components, however, is the role of thrombus formation following atherosclerotic plaque rupture, leading to sudden coronary occlusion and subsequent ischemia and infarction. Thrombus aspiration provides the opportunity of intracoronary clot extraction with the aim to improve coronary and myocardial perfusion, by reducing the risk of no-reflow secondary to distal embolization of thrombus. The utility of thrombus aspiration during primary percutaneous coronary intervention has been assessed in an increasing number of observational and randomized studies. This article reviews the contemporary data and provides insights into the validity of thrombus aspiration in the setting of acute myocardial infarction.