Organ donation in adults: a critical care perspective

Giuseppe Citerio^{1

2}, Marcelo Cypel³, Geoff J Dobb^{4

5}, Beatriz Dominguez-Gil⁶, Jennifer A Frontera⁷, David M Greer⁸, Alex R Manara⁹, Sam D Shemie¹⁰, Martin Smith^{11

12}, Franco Valenza¹³, Eelco F M Wijdicks¹⁴

Affiliations

¹ School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy. giuseppe.citerio@unimib.it.
² Neurointensive Care, Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy. giuseppe.citerio@unimib.it.
³ Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.
⁴ Intensive Care Unit, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
⁵ School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
⁶ Organización Nacional de Trasplantes, C/Sinesio Delgado 6, Pabellón 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
⁷ Cerebrovascular Center of the Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
⁸ Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁹ The Intensive Care Unit, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
¹⁰ Division of Critical Care, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
¹¹ Department of Neurocritical Care, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, UK.
¹² National Institute for Health Research UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
¹³ Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
¹⁴ Division of Critical Care Neurology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.

PMID: 26754754
DOI: 10.1007/s00134-015-4191-5

Review

Organ donation in adults: a critical care perspective

Giuseppe Citerio et al. Intensive Care Med. 2016 Mar.

. 2016 Mar;42(3):305-315.

doi: 10.1007/s00134-015-4191-5. Epub 2016 Jan 11.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy. giuseppe.citerio@unimib.it.
² Neurointensive Care, Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy. giuseppe.citerio@unimib.it.
³ Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.
⁴ Intensive Care Unit, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
⁵ School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
⁶ Organización Nacional de Trasplantes, C/Sinesio Delgado 6, Pabellón 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
⁷ Cerebrovascular Center of the Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
⁸ Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁹ The Intensive Care Unit, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
¹⁰ Division of Critical Care, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
¹¹ Department of Neurocritical Care, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, UK.
¹² National Institute for Health Research UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
¹³ Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
¹⁴ Division of Critical Care Neurology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.

PMID: 26754754
DOI: 10.1007/s00134-015-4191-5

Abstract

Purpose: The shortage of organs for transplantation is an important medical and societal problem because transplantation is often the best therapeutic option for end-stage organ failure.

Methods: We review the potential deceased organ donation pathways in adult ICU practice, i.e. donation after brain death (DBD) and controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD), which follows the planned withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments (WLST) and subsequent confirmation of death using cardiorespiratory criteria.

Results: Strategies in the ICU to increase the number of organs available for transplantation are discussed. These include timely identification of the potential organ donor, optimization of the brain-dead donor by aggressive management of the physiological consequence of brain death, implementation of cDCD protocols, and the potential for ex vivo perfusion techniques.

Conclusions: Organ donation should be offered as a routine component of the end-of-life care plan of every patient dying in the ICU where appropriate, and intensivists are the key professional in this process.

Keywords: Brain death; Donation after brain death; Donation after circulatory death; Intensive care; Organ donation.

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References

1. Cell Tissue Bank. 2010 Nov;11(4):413-9 - PubMed
1. Neurology. 2015 May 5;84(18):1870-9 - PubMed
1. N Engl J Med. 2011 Apr 14;364(15):1431-40 - PubMed
1. Intensive Care Med. 2016 Feb;42(2):264-7 - PubMed
1. Respir Care. 2013 Mar;58(3):532-8 - PubMed

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Organ donation in adults: a critical care perspective

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Organ donation in adults: a critical care perspective

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Medical