The Importance of Global Health Experiences in the Development of New Cardiologists

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.10.089

Review

. 2016 Jun 14;67(23):2789-2797.

doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.10.089. Epub 2016 Jan 4.

The Importance of Global Health Experiences in the Development of New Cardiologists

Marwah Abdalla¹, Neal Kovach², Connie Liu², Julie B Damp³, Eiman Jahangir⁴, Anthony Hilliard⁵, Rakesh Gopinathannair⁶, Mazen S Abu-Fadel⁷, Mikhael F El Chami⁸, Sameer Gafoor⁹, Rajesh Vedanthan¹⁰, Monica Sanchez-Shields¹¹, Jon C George¹², Tiffany Priester¹³, Mirvat Alasnag¹⁴, Colin Barker¹⁵, Andrew M Freeman¹⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. Electronic address: ma2947@columbia.edu.
² International Affairs, American College of Cardiology, Washington, DC.
³ Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
⁴ John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-the University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
⁵ Division of Cardiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California.
⁶ Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.
⁷ University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
⁸ Division of Cardiology, Section of Electrophysiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
⁹ Cardiovascular Center Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, and the Swedish Heart and Vascular Institute, Seattle, Washington.
¹⁰ Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
¹¹ Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
¹² Deborah Heart and Lung Center, Browns Mills, New Jersey.
¹³ Division of Cardiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California; School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, and Department of Cardiology, Blantyre Adventist Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi.
¹⁴ Department of Cardiology, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁵ Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.
¹⁶ Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.

PMID: 26763797
PMCID: PMC4902723
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.10.089

Review

The Importance of Global Health Experiences in the Development of New Cardiologists

Marwah Abdalla et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016.

. 2016 Jun 14;67(23):2789-2797.

doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.10.089. Epub 2016 Jan 4.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. Electronic address: ma2947@columbia.edu.
² International Affairs, American College of Cardiology, Washington, DC.
³ Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
⁴ John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-the University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
⁵ Division of Cardiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California.
⁶ Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.
⁷ University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
⁸ Division of Cardiology, Section of Electrophysiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
⁹ Cardiovascular Center Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, and the Swedish Heart and Vascular Institute, Seattle, Washington.
¹⁰ Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
¹¹ Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
¹² Deborah Heart and Lung Center, Browns Mills, New Jersey.
¹³ Division of Cardiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California; School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, and Department of Cardiology, Blantyre Adventist Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi.
¹⁴ Department of Cardiology, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁵ Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.
¹⁶ Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.

PMID: 26763797
PMCID: PMC4902723
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.10.089

Abstract

As the global burden of cardiovascular disease continues to increase worldwide, nurturing the development of early-career cardiologists interested in global health is essential to create a cadre of providers with the skill set to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases in international settings. As such, interest in global health has increased among cardiology trainees and early-career cardiologists over the past decade. International clinical and research experiences abroad present an additional opportunity for growth and development beyond traditional cardiovascular training. We describe the American College of Cardiology International Cardiovascular Exchange Database, a new resource for cardiologists interested in pursuing short-term clinical exchange opportunities abroad, and report some of the benefits and challenges of global health cardiovascular training in both resource-limited and resource-abundant settings.

Keywords: cardiovascular training; delivery of health care; early career; fellowships and scholarships; mentors.

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Figures

**Central Illustration. Global Health Training for New Cardiologists: International Opportunities**
**(A)** Countries with sites participating in the ACC International Cardiovascular Exchange Program available to host visiting cardiologists. **(B)** Areas of international collaboration and global health cardiology training opportunities for cardiovascular trainees participating in exchange programs. ACC = American College of Cardiology

**Figure 1**
Number of Early-Career Cardiologists Within the American College of Cardiology by Year (2010 to 2015)

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

The Importance of Global Health Experiences During Clinical Training.
Sharma A, Khan JS, Stanifer JW, Seth P. Sharma A, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 May 31;67(21):2558. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.02.076. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016. PMID: 27230055 No abstract available.

Cited by

Status of Early-Career Academic Cardiology: A Global Perspective.
Tong CW, Madhur MS, Rzeszut AK, Abdalla M, Abudayyeh I, Alexanderson E, Buber J, Feldman DN, Gopinathannair R, Hira RS, Kates AM, Kessler T, Leung S, Raj SR, Spatz ES, Turner MB, Valente AM, West K, Sivaram CA, Hill JA, Mann DL, Freeman AM. Tong CW, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Oct 31;70(18):2290-2303. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.09.030. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017. PMID: 29073958 Free PMC article. Review.
Status of global health fellowship training in the United States and Canada.
Evensen A, Duffy S, Dawe R, Pike A, Nelson BD. Evensen A, et al. Can Med Educ J. 2019 Nov 28;10(4):e80-e95. eCollection 2019 Nov. Can Med Educ J. 2019. PMID: 31807229 Free PMC article.
Deficiencies in Global Health Training for Cardiovascular Fellows.
Som S. Som S. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Apr 4;69(13):1748-1752. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.02.028. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017. PMID: 28359522 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
Postgraduate Medical Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Spanning 26 Years and Lessons Learned.
Talib Z, Narayan L, Harrod T. Talib Z, et al. J Grad Med Educ. 2019 Aug;11(4 Suppl):34-46. doi: 10.4300/JGME-D-19-00170. J Grad Med Educ. 2019. PMID: 31428258 Free PMC article.
Socially Accountable Global Health Education Amidst Political Uncertainty and Reactionary Nationalism: A Value Proposition and Recommendations for Action.
Peluso MJ, DeLuca MA, Dagna L, Garg B, Hafler JP, Kiguli-Malwadde E, Mayanja-Kizza H, Maley MA, Rohrbaugh RM. Peluso MJ, et al. Ann Glob Health. 2019 Sep 6;85(1):118. doi: 10.5334/aogh.2569. Ann Glob Health. 2019. PMID: 31490030 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

References

1. World Health Organization. Global status report on noncommunicable disease 2014. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press; 2014. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/148114/1/9789241564854_eng.pdf?.... Accessed November 24, 2015.
1. Moran AE, Tzong KY, Forouzanfar MH, et al. Variations in ischemic heart disease burden by age, country, and income: the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 study. Glob Heart. 2014;9:91–9. - PMC - PubMed
1. Hendriks ME, Bolarinwa OA, Nelissen HE, et al. Costs of cardiovascular disease prevention care and scenarios for cost saving: a micro-costing study from rural Nigeria. J Hypertens. 2015;33:376–684. - PubMed
1. Lim SS, Gaziano TA, Gakidou E, et al. Prevention of cardiovascular disease in high-risk individuals in low-income and middle-income countries: health effects and costs. Lancet. 2007;370:2054–62. - PubMed
1. Giday A, Weldeyes E, O’Mara J. Characteristics and management of patients with acute coronary syndrome at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababab, Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J. 2013;51:269–72. - PubMed

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[1] World Health Organization. Global status report on noncommunicable disease 2014. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press; 2014. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/148114/1/9789241564854_eng.pdf?.... Accessed November 24, 2015.

[2] World Health Organization. Global status report on noncommunicable disease 2014. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press; 2014. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/148114/1/9789241564854_eng.pdf?.... Accessed November 24, 2015.

[3] Moran AE, Tzong KY, Forouzanfar MH, et al. Variations in ischemic heart disease burden by age, country, and income: the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 study. Glob Heart. 2014;9:91–9. - PMC - PubMed

[4] Moran AE, Tzong KY, Forouzanfar MH, et al. Variations in ischemic heart disease burden by age, country, and income: the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 study. Glob Heart. 2014;9:91–9. - PMC - PubMed

[5] Hendriks ME, Bolarinwa OA, Nelissen HE, et al. Costs of cardiovascular disease prevention care and scenarios for cost saving: a micro-costing study from rural Nigeria. J Hypertens. 2015;33:376–684. - PubMed

[6] Hendriks ME, Bolarinwa OA, Nelissen HE, et al. Costs of cardiovascular disease prevention care and scenarios for cost saving: a micro-costing study from rural Nigeria. J Hypertens. 2015;33:376–684. - PubMed

[7] Lim SS, Gaziano TA, Gakidou E, et al. Prevention of cardiovascular disease in high-risk individuals in low-income and middle-income countries: health effects and costs. Lancet. 2007;370:2054–62. - PubMed

[8] Lim SS, Gaziano TA, Gakidou E, et al. Prevention of cardiovascular disease in high-risk individuals in low-income and middle-income countries: health effects and costs. Lancet. 2007;370:2054–62. - PubMed

[9] Giday A, Weldeyes E, O’Mara J. Characteristics and management of patients with acute coronary syndrome at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababab, Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J. 2013;51:269–72. - PubMed

[10] Giday A, Weldeyes E, O’Mara J. Characteristics and management of patients with acute coronary syndrome at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababab, Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J. 2013;51:269–72. - PubMed

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The Importance of Global Health Experiences in the Development of New Cardiologists

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The Importance of Global Health Experiences in the Development of New Cardiologists

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