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Review
. 2016 Mar;27(2):e21.
doi: 10.3802/jgo.2016.27.e21.

Clinical significance of human papillomavirus genotyping

Youn Jin Choi  1 , Jong Sup Park  2
Affiliations
Review

Clinical significance of human papillomavirus genotyping

Youn Jin Choi et al. J Gynecol Oncol. 2016 Mar.

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, and the human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main causative agent for its development. HPV is a heterogeneous virus, and a persistent infection with a high-risk HPV contributes to the development of cancer. In recent decades, great advances have been made in understanding the molecular biology of HPV, and HPV's significance in cervical cancer prevention and management has received increased attention. In this review, we discuss the role of HPV genotyping in cervical cancer by addressing: clinically important issues in HPV virology; the current application of HPV genotyping in clinical medicine; and potential future uses for HPV genotyping.

Keywords: DNA Tests; Genotype; Human Papillomavirus; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Timeline of human papillomavirus (HPV) research. In the last two decades, the numbers of studies investigating the human papillomavirus have greatly increased. ACS, American Cancer Society; ASCCP, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology; FDA, US Food and Drug Administration.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The human papillomavirus (HPV) genome and a schematic view of HPV-mediated cervical cancer progression. HPV consists of six early genes (E), two late genes, and a long control region (L). HPV virions infect the cervical basal epithelial cells and contribute to cervical cancer development. CIN, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; CIS, carcinoma in situ; LCR, long coding region.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Schematic representation showing changes in the application of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping. HPV genotyping is currently perceived as a supporting method used in cervical cancer screening, but it will become a main method in the future. The yellow box denotes future applications of HPV genotyping in cervical cancer prevention and management.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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