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. 2016 Jan 18:6:19414.
doi: 10.1038/srep19414.

Polarized Raman scattering study of kesterite type Cu2ZnSnS4 single crystals

Maxim Guc  1   2 , Sergiu Levcenko  3 , Ivan V Bodnar  4 , Victor Izquierdo-Roca  2 , Xavier Fontane  2 , Larisa V Volkova  4 , Ernest Arushanov  1 , Alejandro Pérez-Rodríguez  2   5
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Polarized Raman scattering study of kesterite type Cu2ZnSnS4 single crystals

Maxim Guc et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

A non-destructive Raman spectroscopy has been widely used as a complimentary method to X-ray diffraction characterization of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films, yet our knowledge of the Raman active fundamental modes in this material is far from complete. Focusing on polarized Raman spectroscopy provides important information about the relationship between Raman modes and CZTS crystal structure. In this framework the zone-center optical phonons of CZTS, which is most usually examined in active layers of the CZTS based solar cells, are studied by polarized resonant and non-resonant Raman spectroscopy in the range from 60 to 500 cm(-1) on an oriented single crystal. The phonon mode symmetry of 20 modes from the 27 possible vibrational modes of the kesterite structure is experimentally determined. From in-plane angular dependences of the phonon modes intensities Raman tensor elements are also derived. Whereas a strong intensity enhancement of the polar E and B symmetry modes is induced under resonance conditions, no mode intensity dependence on the incident and scattered light polarization configurations was found in these conditions. Finally, Lyddane-Sachs-Teller relations are applied to estimate the ratios of the static to high-frequency optic dielectric constants parallel and perpendicular to c-optical axis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Raman spectra of Cu2ZnSnS4 single crystals excited with laser line 532 nm (a) and 785 nm (b), close to resonant conditions.
Inset of figure (a) shows the fitting (red curve) of the experimental Raman spectra (black curve) with Lorentzian curves (green). Here the breaks on intensity scales were performed to show weaker peaks with lower intensity. Figures (c,d) represent the spectra measured at different polarization configurations. Here angles 0 deg and 90 deg correspond to formula image and formula image configurations, respectively.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Examples of the angular dependence of the Raman peaks intensities of the A (a), B (b) and E (c) mode symmetry.
Solid lines are fitting to corresponding Eqs. from Supplementary Table S3 for parallel and perpendicular configurations.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Schematic representation of the experimental configuration used in the polarized Raman experiments performed on the (1 1 2) plane.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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