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. 2016 Apr:156:68-78.
doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.01.002. Epub 2016 Jan 8.

A global systematic review of Chagas disease prevalence among migrants

Erin E Conners  1 , Joseph M Vinetz  2 , John R Weeks  3 , Kimberly C Brouwer  4
Affiliations

A global systematic review of Chagas disease prevalence among migrants

Erin E Conners et al. Acta Trop. 2016 Apr.

Abstract

Human migration has been identified as a potential factor for increased Chagas disease risk and has transformed the disease from a Latin American problem to a global one. We conducted a systematic review of the scientific literature between 2004-2014 in order to: summarize recent seroprevalence estimates of Chagas disease among Latin American migrants, in both endemic and non-endemic settings; compare seroprevalence estimates in migrants to countrywide prevalence estimates; and identify risk factors for Chagas disease among migrants. A total of 320 studies were screened and 23 studies were included. We found evidence that the prevalence of Chagas disease is higher than expected in some migrant groups and that reliance on blood donor screening prevalence estimates underestimates the burden of disease. Overall there is a dearth of high quality epidemiologic studies on the prevalence of Chagas disease in migrants, especially among intra-regional migrants within Latin America. Given that this zoonotic disease cannot likely be eradicated, improved surveillance and reporting is vital to continuing control efforts. More accurate health surveillance of both Latin American migrants and the Chagas disease burden will help countries appropriately scale up their response to this chronic disease. Overall, improved estimates of Chagas disease among migrants would likely serve to highlight the real need for better screening, diagnostics, and treatment of individuals living with the disease.

Keywords: American trypanosomiasis; Chagas disease; Immigration; Migration; Neglected tropical disease; Systematic review.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of study selection process
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot of prevalence estimates of Chagas disease among migrants in Spain from systematic review articles compared to estimates of countrywide prevalence (dashed grey lines indicate the range of countrywide prevalence estimates for Spain)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot of prevalence estimates of Chagas disease among migrants from Bolivia from systematic review articles compared to estimates of countrywide prevalence (dashed grey lines indicate the countrywide prevalence estimate for Bolivia)
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot of prevalence estimates of Chagas disease among migrants from Paraguay from systematic review articles compared to estimates of countrywide prevalence (dashed grey lines indicate the countrywide prevalence estimate for Paraguay)
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