Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016:17:5.
doi: 10.1186/s40510-016-0118-0. Epub 2016 Jan 15.

Torque efficiency of square and rectangular archwires into 0.018 and 0.022 in. conventional brackets

Affiliations

Torque efficiency of square and rectangular archwires into 0.018 and 0.022 in. conventional brackets

Spyridon N Papageorgiou et al. Prog Orthod. 2016.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the torque efficacy of square and rectangular wires in 0.018- and 0.022-in. conventionally ligated brackets.

Methods: Brackets of the same prescription were evaluated in both slot dimensions. Identical acrylic resin models of the maxilla were bonded with the brackets and mounted on the Orthodontic Measurement and Simulation System. Ten 0.018 × 0.018 in., 0.018 × 0.022 in., and 0.018 × 0.025 in. stainless steel wires were evaluated in the 0.018-in. brackets and ten 0.019 × 0.019 in., 0.019 × 0.025 in., and 0.019 × 0.026 in. stainless steel wires were evaluated in the 0.022-in. brackets. A 15° buccal root torque was gradually applied to the right central incisor bracket, and the moments were recorded at this position. One-way ANOVA was applied for both bracket slot sizes along with post hoc analysis for the various archwire sizes.

Results: The mean measured moments varied between 10.78 and 30.60 Nmm among the assessed wire-and-bracket combinations. Both square and rectangular archwires in the 0.018-in. bracket system exerted statistically significantly higher moments in comparison with their counterparts in the 0.022-in. bracket system. Rectangular archwires exerted statistically significantly higher moments than square archwires, both for the 0.018- and the 0.022-in. bracket system.

Conclusions: Rectangular archwires seem to be more efficient in torque exertion, especially in 0.018-in. brackets.

Keywords: 0.018-in. slot; 0.022-in. slot; Moments; Rectangular archwires; Square archwires; Steel; Torque.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The positioning table of the OMSS with the model mounted on it. Its torque-force sensor replaced the right central incisor

References

    1. O’Higgins EA, Kirschen RH, Lee RT. The influence of maxillary incisor inclination on arch length. Br J Orthod. 1999;26:97–102. doi: 10.1093/ortho/26.2.97. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Gioka C, Eliades T. Materials-induced variation in the torque expression of preadjusted appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125:323–328. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2003.02.007. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Sebanc J, Brantley WA, Pincsak JJ, Conover JP. Variability of effective torque as a function of edge bevel on orthodontic arch wires. Am J Orthod. 1984;86:43–51. doi: 10.1016/0002-9416(84)90275-6. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Germane N, Bentley BE, Jr, Isaacson RJ. Three biologic variables modifying faciolingual tooth angulation by straight-wire appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989;96:312–319. doi: 10.1016/0889-5406(89)90350-8. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Miethke RR, Melsen B. Effect of variation in tooth morphology and bracket position on first and third order correction with preadjusted appliances. Am J Orthod. 1999;116:329–335. doi: 10.1016/S0889-5406(99)70246-5. - DOI - PubMed

Publication types

Substances

LinkOut - more resources