. 2016 Mar:38:48-53.

doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.01.001. Epub 2016 Feb 1.

Walking mediates associations between neighborhood activity supportiveness and BMI in the Women's Health Initiative San Diego cohort

Jordan A Carlson¹, Rosemay A Remigio-Baker², Cheryl A M Anderson³, Marc A Adams⁴, Gregory J Norman⁵, Jacqueline Kerr⁶, Michael H Criqui⁷, Matthew Allison⁸

Affiliations

¹ Children's Mercy Hospital, 610 E. 22nd St., Kansas City, MO 64108, USA. Electronic address: jacarlson@cmh.edu.
² University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: raremigiobaker@ucsd.edu.
³ University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: c1anderson@ucsd.edu.
⁴ Arizona State University, 500 N. Third St., Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA. Electronic address: marc.adams@asu.edu.
⁵ University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: gnorman@ucsd.edu.
⁶ University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: jkerr@ucsd.edu.
⁷ University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: mcriqui@ucsd.edu.
⁸ University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: mallison@ucsd.edu.

PMID: 26798961
PMCID: PMC4819420
DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.01.001

Walking mediates associations between neighborhood activity supportiveness and BMI in the Women's Health Initiative San Diego cohort

Jordan A Carlson et al. Health Place. 2016 Mar.

. 2016 Mar:38:48-53.

doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.01.001. Epub 2016 Feb 1.

Authors

Jordan A Carlson¹, Rosemay A Remigio-Baker², Cheryl A M Anderson³, Marc A Adams⁴, Gregory J Norman⁵, Jacqueline Kerr⁶, Michael H Criqui⁷, Matthew Allison⁸

Affiliations

¹ Children's Mercy Hospital, 610 E. 22nd St., Kansas City, MO 64108, USA. Electronic address: jacarlson@cmh.edu.
² University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: raremigiobaker@ucsd.edu.
³ University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: c1anderson@ucsd.edu.
⁴ Arizona State University, 500 N. Third St., Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA. Electronic address: marc.adams@asu.edu.
⁵ University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: gnorman@ucsd.edu.
⁶ University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: jkerr@ucsd.edu.
⁷ University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: mcriqui@ucsd.edu.
⁸ University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: mallison@ucsd.edu.

PMID: 26798961
PMCID: PMC4819420
DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.01.001

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate whether walking mediates neighborhood built environment associations with weight status in middle- and older-aged women.

Methods: Participants (N=5085; mean age=64 ± 7.7; 75.4% White non-Hispanic) were from the Women's Health Initiative San Diego cohort baseline visits. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were measured objectively. Walking was assessed via survey. The geographic information system (GIS)-based home neighborhood activity supportiveness index included residential density, street connectivity, land use mix, and number of parks.

Results: BMI was 0.22 units higher and the odds ratio for being obese (vs. normal or overweight) was 8% higher for every standard deviation decrease in neighborhood activity supportiveness. Walking partially mediated these associations (22-23% attenuation). Findings were less robust for waist circumference.

Conclusions: Findings suggest women who lived in activity-supportive neighborhoods had a lower BMI than their counterparts, in part because they walked more. Improving neighborhood activity supportiveness has population-level implications for improving weight status and health.

Keywords: Aging; Obesity; Physical activity; Waist circumference; Walkability.

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Figures

**Figure 1**
Standardized regression coefficients (βs) for the association between the neighborhood activity supportiveness index and body mass index as mediated by walking. The coefficient representing the association between the neighborhood activity supportiveness index and body mass index, adjusted for walking, is noted as c’. *p < 0.05; **p < .01; ***p < .001

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Walking mediates associations between neighborhood activity supportiveness and BMI in the Women's Health Initiative San Diego cohort

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Walking mediates associations between neighborhood activity supportiveness and BMI in the Women's Health Initiative San Diego cohort

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