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. 2016;16(3):279-93.
doi: 10.1586/14737175.2016.1146591. Epub 2016 Feb 15.

An update on the comorbidity of ADHD and ASD: a focus on clinical management

Kevin M Antshel  1   2 , Yanli Zhang-James  2 , Kayla E Wagner  1 , Ana Ledesma  1 , Stephen V Faraone  2   3   4
Affiliations

An update on the comorbidity of ADHD and ASD: a focus on clinical management

Kevin M Antshel et al. Expert Rev Neurother. 2016.

Abstract

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly co-occur. With the DSM-5, clinicians are permitted to make an ASD diagnosis in the context of ADHD. In earlier versions of the DSM, this was not acceptable. Both ASD and ADHD are reported to have had substantial increases in prevalence within the past 10 years. As a function of both the increased prevalence of both disorders as well as the ability to make an ASD diagnosis in ADHD, there has been a significant amount of research focusing on the comorbidity between ADHD and ASD in the past few years. Here, we provide an update on the biological, cognitive and behavioral overlap/distinctiveness between the two neurodevelopmental disorders with a focus on data published in the last four years. Treatment strategies for the comorbid condition as well as future areas of research and clinical need are discussed.

Keywords: ADHD; ASD; adolescent; autism spectrum disorder; children; comorbidity; developmental delay; neurodevelopmental disorder.

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