Coexistence of ischemic heart disease and rheumatoid arthritis patients-A case control study

Abstract

Background: Over the last few decades, several studies have demonstrated the connection between Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD). The additional risk for RA patients to also suffer from IHD varies based on the definition of the diseases in question, the populations evaluated, and the variables included in the studies.

Objectives: To quantify the association between RA and IHD according to certain demographics as well as traditional cardiovascular risk factors in order to determine their roles in the development of coronary artery disease among patients with RA.

Methods: Using data from the largest HMO in Israel, the Clalit Health Services, we selected for patients with RA. These patients were compared with age and sex matched controls with regards to the prevalence of IHD in a case-control study. Chi-square and t-tests were used for univariate analysis and a logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis.

Results: The study included 11,782 patients with RA and 57,973 age and sex matched controls. The prevalence of IHD in patients with RA was increased compared with the prevalence in controls (16.6% and 12.8% respectively, P<0.001). In a multivariate analysis, RA was associated with higher proportions of IHD (OR 1.346, 95% confidence interval 1.255-1.431).

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Autoimmune disease; Comorbidity; Ischemic heart disease; RA; Rheumatic diseases.