Growth hormone therapy in short children without classical growth hormone deficiency

Abstract

The spontaneous secretion of GH which determines the growth in height as well as the GH increment in the provocation tests (the socalled pituitary reserve) is diminished in pituitary dwarfism. In numerous other growth disorders only the spontaneous GH secretion is impaired. Amongst others this is true of the syndrome of constitutional delay of growth and adolescence which is the most frequent growth disorder in childhood and of the growth retardation after X-ray irradiation of the skull. In all these cases treatment by hGH represents replacement therapy. In children with intrauterine growth retardation, familial short stature and skeletal dysplasias growth hormone deficiency cannot be proved. In most cases the growth velocity cannot be accelerated with hGH in the usual replacement doses. High doses of hGH may be successful. In endogenous and exogenous hypercortisolism the spontaneous GH secretion is suppressed and the effect of the somatomedins on the growing cartilage is inhibited. This is not only true of Cushing's Syndrome and corticosteroid therapy but also of cases of glycogenosis Type I. The resulting growth retardation can - at least partly - be overcome with hGH. Preliminary investigations show that the growth retardation in children with chronic renal failure can successfully be treated by hGH.