Evaluation of Coronary Artery Status by Coronary Angiography after First Survival of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Introduction: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a life threatening medical emergency which needs urgent medical attention. It is one of the major cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the coronary artery status by Coronary Angiography (CAG) after first survival of the Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and to correlate the CAG findings with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Risk Factor (RF) and effect of early thrombolysis.

Materials and methods: CAG was done on 870 patients consecutively from June 2013 to May 2015. Age, Gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), CAD risk factors (RF) such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM), hypertension, dyslipidaemia, smoking status and history of thrombolyctic status were recorded. The correlation between the CAD risk factors (RF) and the CAG findings were statistically analyzed.

Results: Coronary heart disease risk factors analysis revealed ≥ three RF in 23.88%, two RF in 29.88% and one RFin 45.86% of patients. CAG showed Single Vessel Disease (SVD) in 236 (27.1%) patients, double vessel disease (DVD) in 220(25.2%) patients, Triple Vessel Disease (TVD) in 252 (28.9%) patients. Multiple coronary artery involvement were found in the high risk group patients, which was found statistically significant (p-value<0.0001). A total of 348/870 (40%) patients were thrombolysed amongst them 80 (22.9%) revealed minimal and/or normal coronary artery which was found statistically significant (p-value<0.0001).

Conclusion: Higher the coronary risk factors, more the chance of the multiple coronary arteries involvement. All AMI patients should be thrombolysed as early as possible to get the benefit of recanalization of the culprit vessel.

Keywords: Coronary artery disease; Risk factor; Thrombolysis.