Does Taste Perception Effect Body Mass Index in Preschool Children?

Abstract

Introduction: Eating trends established early in life leads to chronic life style disorders such as obesity, which is hard to overcome as child comes of age. Energy expenditure is less but caloric intake is high leading to disparity of energy balance in turn leading to obesity. Obesity is the outcome of a disparity between energy expenditure and caloric intake. Genes play a role in establishing eating habits, which is termed as genetic sensitivity to taste.

Aim: To determine taste perception effect on body mass index (BMI) in preschool central Indian urban children.

Materials and methods: A total of 500 children of 3-6 years were selected and genetic taste perception was assessed using PROP sensitivity test. Anthropometric measurements were recorded to obtain BMI value. Categorical variables were analysed using Pearson's Chi square test.

Results: Non tasters were mostly in overweight category i.e. 73.30% where as more number of tasters i.e. 59.70% were in underweight category. A significant correlation is seen between BMI and taste perception. No statistically significant correlation was seen between oral hygiene and taste perception. Females were predominant in both the tasters and non tasters categories.

Conclusion: Taste perception showed significant relationship with BMI of children between 3-6-year-old children.

Keywords: Genetic sensitivity; Non taster; Obesity; Oral hygiene; PROP.

[Table/Fig-1]:

Pie chart showing BMI distribution

[Table/Fig-3]:

Distribution of tasters and non-tasters among various BMI categories