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Review
. 2015 Nov 1;8(11):15474-8.
eCollection 2015.

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis with occult ovarian teratoma: a case report

Shi-Xian Zhou  1 , Yun-Mei Yang  1
Affiliations
Review

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis with occult ovarian teratoma: a case report

Shi-Xian Zhou et al. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. .

Abstract

A 31-year-old female was admitted with headache, memory disturbance, abnormal behavior, incontinence, confusion, complex partial seizures, decreased oxygen saturation and increased temperature. Anti-NMDAR antibodies were positive in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Subsequently, a regimen of immunotherapy that included intravenous immunoglobulins, methylprednisolone, plasma exchange and their combinations were used. But the treatment was ineffective. Though both transvaginal ultrasonography and abdominal CT scan contrast revealed left ovarian cyst, the patient had left oophorectomy. And during surgery we found a small cyst mass contained fat-like liquid with air in her left ovarian. Pathological examination demonstrated mature cystic teratoma accompanied with brain tissue. She has made gradual and steady improvement after surgery, but not fully recovery. By combining this case with previous studies of others, we further discuss the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of the disease.

Keywords: Encephalitis; anti-n-methyl-m-aspartate receptor encephalitis; autoimmune; ovarian teratoma; young women.

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Figures

Figure 2
Figure 2
Abdominal contrast-enhanced CT scan showed the presence of a cyst in the left ovary, considering physiological cyst.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Transvaginal ultrasonography showed a cyst in the left ovary.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pathological results: Ovarian tissue (A); Mature cystic teratoma accompanied with sweat glands (B), brain (C) and epithelium tissue (D).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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