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Review
. 2013 Oct 29;3(4):385-412.
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics3040385.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems: A Review

Sandeep Kumar Vashist  1
Affiliations
Review

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems: A Review

Sandeep Kumar Vashist. Diagnostics (Basel). .

Abstract

There have been continuous advances in the field of glucose monitoring during the last four decades, which have led to the development of highly evolved blood glucose meters, non-invasive glucose monitoring (NGM) devices and continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS). Glucose monitoring is an integral part of diabetes management, and the maintenance of physiological blood glucose concentration is the only way for a diabetic to avoid life-threatening diabetic complications. CGMS have led to tremendous improvements in diabetic management, as shown by the significant lowering of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in adults with type I diabetes. Most of the CGMS have been minimally-invasive, although the more recent ones are based on NGM techniques. This manuscript reviews the advances in CGMS for diabetes management along with the future prospects and the challenges involved.

Keywords: continuous glucose monitoring systems; diabetes management; invasive; non-invasive.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The number of articles published on glucose monitoring during the mentioned period. Data was taken on July 1, 2013, from Thomson Reuter’s Web of Knowledge (New York, NY, USA) using “glucose monitoring” in the timespan.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS). (A) Dexcom SEVEN® Plus, (B) Dexcom G4TM, (C) Guardian REAL-time, (D) FreeStyle Navigator®, (E) FreeStyle Navigator II, (F) HG1-c and (G) GlucoTrackTM.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Visual interpretation of the indicators on CGMS.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Visualization and interpretation of the continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) curve.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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