Growth Charts for Prader-Willi Syndrome During Growth Hormone Treatment

Abstract

The purpose of the current study was to develop syndrome-specific standardized growth curves for growth hormone-treated Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) individuals aged 0 to 18 years. Anthropometric growth-related measures were obtained on 171 subjects with PWS who were treated with growth hormone for at least 40% of their lifespan. They had no history of scoliosis. PWS standardized growth curves were developed for 7 percentile ranges using the LMS method for weight, height, head circumference, weight/length, and BMI along with normative 3rd, 50th, and 97th percentiles plotted using control data from the literature and growth databases. Percentiles were plotted on growth charts for comparison purposes. Growth hormone treatment appears to normalize stature and markedly improves weight in PWS compared with standardized curves for non-growth hormone-treated PWS individuals. Growth chart implications and recommended usage are discussed.

Keywords: Prader-Willi syndrome; children; genetic subtype; growth hormone treatment; infants; standardized growth curves.

Figure 1

Standardized curves for height (upper) and weight (lower) from birth to 3 years of age for growth hormone– treated females with Prader-Willi syndrome (solid lines) and normative percentile ranges (shaded area) with normative 97th to 50th percentiles in dark shade and normative 50th to 3rd percentiles in light shade.

Figure 2

Standardized curves for height (upper) and weight (lower) from birth to 3 years of age for growth hormone– treated males with Prader-Willi syndrome (solid lines) and normative percentile ranges (shaded area) with normative 97th to 50th percentiles in dark shade and normative 50th to 3rd percentiles in light shade.

Figure 3

Standardized curves for height (upper) and weight (lower) from 3 to 18 years of age for growth hormone–treated females with Prader-Willi syndrome (solid lines) and normative percentile ranges (shaded area) with normative 97th to 50th percentiles in dark shade and normative 50th to 3rd percentiles in light shade.

Figure 4

Standardized curves for height (upper) and weight (lower) from 3 to 18 years of age for growth hormone–treated males with Prader-Willi syndrome (solid lines) and normative percentile ranges (shaded area) with normative 97th to 50th percentiles in dark shade and normative 50th to 3rd percentiles in light shade.

Figure 5

Standardized curves for head circumference from birth to 18 years of age for growth hormone–treated females with Prader-Willi syndrome (solid lines) and normative percentile ranges (shaded area) with normative 97th to 50th percentiles in dark shade and normative 50th to 3rd percentiles in light shade.

Figure 6

Standardized curves for head circumference from birth to 18 years of age for growth hormone–treated males with Prader-Willi syndrome (solid lines) and normative percentile ranges (shaded area) with normative 97th to 50th percentiles in dark shade and normative 50th to 3rd percentiles in light shade.

Figure 7

Standardized curves for weight/height from birth to 3 years of age for growth hormone–treated females with Prader-Willi syndrome (solid lines) and normative percentile ranges (shaded area) with normative 97th to 50th percentiles in dark shade and normative 50th to 3rd percentiles in light shade.

Figure 8

Standardized curves for weight/height from birth to 3 years of age for growth hormone–treated males with Prader-Willi syndrome (solid lines) and normative percentile ranges (shaded area) with normative 97th to 50th percentiles in dark shade and normative 50th to 3rd percentiles in light shade.

Figure 9

Standardized curves for body mass index from 3 to 18 years of age for growth hormone–treated females with Prader-Willi syndrome (solid lines) and normative percentile ranges (shaded area) with normative 97th to 50th percentiles in dark shade and normative 50th to 3rd percentiles in light shade.

Figure 10

Standardized curves for body mass index from 3 to 18 years of age for growth hormone–treated males with Prader-Willi syndrome (solid lines) and normative percentile ranges (shaded area) with normative 97th to 50th percentiles in dark shade and normative 50th to 3rd percentiles in light shade.