Spatial distribution and cluster analysis of risky sexual behaviours and STDs reported by Chinese adults in Guangzhou, China: a representative population-based study

Abstract

Objectives: To assess associations between residences location, risky sexual behaviours and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among adults living in Guangzhou, China.

Methods: Data were obtained from 751 Chinese adults aged 18-59 years in Guangzhou, China, using stratified random sampling by using spatial epidemiological methods. Face-to-face household interviews were conducted to collect self-report data on risky sexual behaviours and diagnosed STDs. Kulldorff's spatial scan statistic was implemented to identify and detect spatial distribution and clusters of risky sexual behaviours and STDs. The presence and location of statistically significant clusters were mapped in the study areas using ArcGIS software.

Results: The prevalence of self-reported risky sexual behaviours was between 5.1% and 50.0%. The self-reported lifetime prevalence of diagnosed STDs was 7.06%. Anal intercourse clustered in an area located along the border within the rural-urban continuum (p=0.001). High rate clusters for alcohol or other drugs using before sex (p=0.008) and migrants who lived in Guangzhou <1 year (p=0.007) overlapped this cluster. Excess cases for unprotected sex (p=0.031) overlapped the cluster for college students (p<0.001). Five of nine (55.6%) students who had sexual experience during the last 12 months located in the cluster of unprotected sex.

Conclusions: Short-term migrants and college students reported greater risky sexual behaviours. Programmes to increase safer sex within these communities to reduce the risk of STDs are warranted in Guangzhou. Spatial analysis identified geographical clusters of risky sexual behaviours, which is critical for optimising surveillance and targeting control measures for these locations in the future.

Keywords: EPIDEMIOLOGY (GENERAL); SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR; SEXUAL HEALTH.

Figure 1

Results of cluster analysis. (A) The cluster for duration of living in Guangzhou (purple circular: ≤1 year, green triangle: >1 year). (B) The cluster for migrants (purple circular: yes, green triangle: no). (C) The cluster for consumption of alcohol or other drug before sex in the last 12 months (purple circular: yes, green triangle: no). (D) The anal intercourse cluster in the last 12 months (purple circular: yes, green triangle: no). (E) The cluster for college students (purple circular: yes, green triangle: no). (F) Results of cluster analysis for unprotected sex in the last 12 months (purple circular: yes, green triangle: no). Note: heavy line circles stand for high rate cluster and fine line circles stand for low rate cluster.