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. 2015 Dec 30;46(4):162-7.

Clinical Aspects associated with Syndromic forms of Orofacial Clefts in a Colombian population

Liliana Arias Urueña  1 , Ignacio Briceño Balcazar  2 , Julio Martinez Lozano  1 , Andrew Collins  3 , Daniel Alfredo Uricoechea Patiño  1
Affiliations

Clinical Aspects associated with Syndromic forms of Orofacial Clefts in a Colombian population

Liliana Arias Urueña et al. Colomb Med (Cali). .

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Objectives: To present descriptive epidemiology of Orofacial Clefts and to determine the association of syndromic forms with antenatal high-risk conditions, preterm birth, and comorbidities among nested-series of cases.

Methods: A study of nested-series of cases was conducted. Frequencies of cleft type, associated congenital anomalies, syndromic, non-syndromic and multiple malformation forms, and distribution of Orofacial Clefts according to sex and affected-side were determined. Odds ratios were calculated as measures of association between syndromic forms and antenatal high-risk conditions, preterm birth and comorbidities. A total of three hundred and eleven patients with Orofacial Clefts were assessed in a 12-month period.

Results: The most frequent type of Orofacial Clefts was cleft lip and palate, this type of cleft was more frequent in males, whereas cleft palate occurred more often in females. The most common cases occurred as non-syndromic forms. Aarskog-Scott syndrome showed the highest frequency amongst syndromic forms. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, developmental dysplasia of the hip, central nervous diseases and respiratory failure showed significant statistical associations (p <0.05) with syndromic forms.

Conclusions: These data provide an epidemiological reference of Orofacial Clefts in Colombia. Novel associations between syndromic forms and clinical variables are determined. In order to investigate causality relationships between these variables further studies must be carried out.

Objetivos: Presentar la epidemiología descriptiva en torno a las Fisuras Orofaciales y determinar asociaciones entre Fisuras Orofaciales sindromica y antecedentes antenatales de alto riesgo, parto pretérmino, y comorbilidades en una población Colombiana.

Métodos: Se planteó un estudio de serie de casos anidado estratificado. Se calcularon frecuencias en relación al tipo de fisura desde el punto de vista anatómico, anomalías congénitas paralelas, morbilidades y forma clínica. Se analizó la distribución de las Fisuras Orofaciales de acuerdo al género y lateralidad. Se determinaron razones de disparidad entre la forma sindrómica y antecedentes antenatales de alto riesgo, parto pretérmino, y comorbilidades. Se evaluaron trecientos once pacientes que asistieron a la consulta de genética clinica durante un año.

Resultados: La Fisura Labio-palatina fue el tipo más frecuente en la muestra evaluada y la más frecuente en hombres. La Fisura Palatina fué la más frecuente en mujeres, la forma clínica más común fue la no sindrómica. En la población sindrómica el Síndrome de Aarskog-Scott mostró la frecuencia más alta. Los trastornos Hipertensivos de Embarazo, la Displasia del Desarrollo de la Cadera, las enfermedades respiratorias y del sistema nervioso central mostraron una asociación estadísticamente significativa con la forma sindrómica. (p <0.05).

Conclusiones: Estos datos ofrecen una referencia epidemiológica descriptiva de las Fisuras Orofaciales en Colombia. Las asociaciones encontradas entre los aspectos clínicos estudiados y la forma sindrómica, deben ser investigadas en próximos estudios con el fin de determinar relaciones de causalidad.

Keywords: Aarskog-Scott syndrome; Cleft lip and palate; Congenital Hip Dysplasia; Pre-eclampsia.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: We certify that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization regarding the material discussed in the paper

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