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. 2016 Feb 3:11:5.
doi: 10.1186/s13027-016-0051-3. eCollection 2016.

Predictors of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Kaposi's sarcoma: a case report

Anna Maria Cattelan  1 , Adriana Mattiolo  2 , Angela Grassi  2 , Maria Assunta Piano  2 , Lolita Sasset  3 , Marco Trevenzoli  4 , Paola Zanovello  5 , Maria Luisa Calabrò  2
Affiliations

Predictors of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Kaposi's sarcoma: a case report

Anna Maria Cattelan et al. Infect Agent Cancer. .

Abstract

We present here a case of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS-IRIS) developed in an AIDS patient two months after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Baseline characteristics of this IRIS-KS case, within a cohort of 12 naïve AIDS-KS patients, were analyzed. No statistically significant differences in CD4 cell counts, plasma HIV RNA load, KS clinical staging, human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) antibody titers and HHV8 load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and saliva were evidenced. HHV8 load in plasma was found to be significantly higher in the KS-IRIS patient (> 6 log10 genome equivalents/ml, p = 0.01, t-test) compared to the 11 patients with KS regression. This case highlights that measurement of HHV8 load in plasma may be useful to identify patients at risk for KS-IRIS, and that this parameter should be included in the design of larger studies to define KS-IRIS risk predictors.

Keywords: Biomarker; HHV8; IRIS; Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; KS; KS-IRIS; KSHV; Kaposi’s sarcoma.

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