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. 2016 Feb:104:17-23.
doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.11.005. Epub 2015 Nov 12.

Therapeutic effect of anti-feline TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody for feline infectious peritonitis

Tomoyoshi Doki  1 , Tomomi Takano  2 , Kohei Kawagoe  3 , Akihiko Kito  4 , Tsutomu Hohdatsu  5
Affiliations

Therapeutic effect of anti-feline TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody for feline infectious peritonitis

Tomoyoshi Doki et al. Res Vet Sci. 2016 Feb.

Abstract

Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) replication in macrophages/monocytes induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production, and that the TNF-alpha produced was involved in aggravating the pathology of FIP. We previously reported the preparation of a feline TNF-alpha (fTNF-alpha)-neutralizing mouse monoclonal antibody (anti-fTNF-alpha mAb). This anti-fTNF-alpha mAb 2-4 was confirmed to inhibit the following fTNF-alpha-induced conditions in vitro. In the present study, we investigated whether mAb 2-4 improved the FIP symptoms and survival rate of experimentally FIPV-inoculated SPF cats. Progression to FIP was prevented in 2 out of 3 cats treated with mAb 2-4, whereas all 3 cats developed FIP in the placebo control group. Plasma alpha1-glycoprotein and vascular endothelial growth factor levels were improved by the administration of mAb 2-4, and the peripheral lymphocyte count also recovered. These results strongly suggested that the anti-fTNF-alpha antibody is effective for the treatment of FIP.

Keywords: Feline coronavirus; Feline infectious peritonitis; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The experimental schedule of the anti fTNF-alpha mAb (mAb 2–4) treatment for FIPV-infected cats.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The changes on plasma alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) concentration of FIPV-infected cats treated with mAb 2–4. The normal value of AGP is 386 ± 60 μg/ml (quoted from the manufacturer's protocol, mean ± S.D.). Gray bar; group A, black bar; group B. N.S.: not significant.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The changes on plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration of FIPV-infected cats treated with mAb 2–4. Gray bar; group A, black bar; group B. N.S.: not significant.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The changes on neutrophil counts and percentages of neutrophils of FIPV-infected cats treated with mAb 2–4. (A) Neutrophil counts in peripheral blood. (B) Percentage of neutrophils on differential blood cell counting. †: Animal was euthanized because its critical condition reached the humane endpoint.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
The changes on lymphocyte counts and lymphocyte subsets of FIPV-infected cats treated with mAb 2–4. (A) Lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood. (B) CD4 + T lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood. (C) CD8 + T lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood. †: Animal was euthanized because its critical condition reached the humane endpoint.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
The changes in body temperature and body weight of FIPV-infected cats treated with mAb 2–4. (A) Body temperature. (B) Body weight. †:Animal was euthanized because its critical condition reached the humane endpoint.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Survival rate of FIPV-infected cats treated with mAb 2–4. Animals which reached the humane endpoint with no prospect of survival were euthanized.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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