Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 Feb 8:74:6.
doi: 10.1186/s13690-016-0117-0. eCollection 2016.

Individual and community-level factors associated with introduction of prelacteal feeding in Ethiopia

Abate Bekele Belachew  1 , Alemayehu Bayray Kahsay  1 , Yemane Gabremariam Abebe  1
Affiliations

Individual and community-level factors associated with introduction of prelacteal feeding in Ethiopia

Abate Bekele Belachew et al. Arch Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Ethiopia is a country with low optimal breast feeding practice, and prelacteal feeding is still a norm. Introduction of prelacteal feeding is a known barrier for optimal breast feeding practices. However, knowledge on determinants of introduction of prelacteal feeding is minimal. This study aimed to identify the effects of individual and community-level factors in the introduction of prelacteal feeding in Ethiopia.

Methods: Data for this study was extracted from the nationally representative 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) and focused on a sample from child data, with a sample from 576 clusters of 7692 children who were last-born in the past five years preceding the survey. The data was collected using two-stage cluster design, in which enumeration areas forming the first stage and households making the second stage. A two-level mixed effect multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to determine the individual and community-level factors associated with introduction of prelacteal feeding.

Results: From the total sample of children 28.92 % were fed prelacteals. Butter (n = 1143), plain water (n = 395) and milk-other than breast milk (n = 323) were commonly used prelacteals. In multivariable two-level mixed effect model; caesarean mode of delivery (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.87; 95 % CI 1.28, 2.73), and late initiation of breastfeeding (AOR = 5.32; 95 % CI 4.65, 6.09) were both positively associated with the odds of giving prelacteals. Higher economic status 28 % (AOR = 0.72; 95 % CI 0.54, 0.98), giving birth at hand of non-health personnel birth assistance (AOR = 0.68; 95 % CI 0.54, 0.87), large birth size of child (AOR = 0.80; 95 % CI 0.68, 0.95) and high community antenatal care use (AOR = 0.58; 95 % CI 0.38, 0.87) were negatively associated with the odds of giving prelacteals. Significant variation in prelacteal feeding practice was also seen among ethnic and religious groups, and across regions.

Conclusions: The prevalence of prelacteal feeding was high that remained a challenge for optimal breastfeeding in Ethiopia. Not only individual-level factors, but also community-level factors contribute to prelacteal feeding practice. Increasing access to health education through increasing maternal health care service coverage and community involvement is crucial.

Keywords: Ethiopia; Multilevel factors; Optimal breastfeeding; Prelacteal feeding.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Conceptual frame-work of determinants of introduction of prelacteal feeding
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. FMOH . National strategy on infant and young child feeding. Edited by Family health. FMOH: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2004.
    1. WHO. Infant and young child feeding: Model chapter for textbooks for medical students and allied health professionals: Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2009. - PubMed
    1. U.S.Department of Health and Human Services . The surgeon general’s call to action to support breastfeeding edited by U.S. Department of health and human services. Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General; 2011.
    1. WHO . Fulfilling the health agenda for women and children: the 2014 report. Geneva, Switzerland: UNICEF and WHO; 2014.
    1. Central Statistical Agency [Ethiopia] and ICF International. Ethiopia demographic and health survey 2011. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Calverton,Maryland, USA; 2012.

LinkOut - more resources