Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2016 Feb;3(1):3-14.
doi: 10.1177/2049936115585942.

Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Patrice Cacoub  1 , Cloe Comarmond, Fanny Domont, Léa Savey  1 , Anne C Desbois, David Saadoun  1
Affiliations
Review

Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Patrice Cacoub et al. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2016 Feb.

Abstract

During hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection, extrahepatic manifestations are frequent and polymorphous. This article reports on a large cohort of patients with HCV-related autoimmune or lymphoproliferative disorders, from mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis to frank lymphomas. The relationship between HCV infection and such immune-related diseases has been formally demonstrated by epidemiological, clinical, immunological and pathological data, and results of therapeutic trials. More recently, other nonliver-related HCV disorders have been reported, including cardiovascular (i.e. stroke, ischemic heart disease), renal, metabolic and central nervous system diseases. For these manifestations, most evidence comes from large epidemiological studies; there is a need for mechanistic studies and therapeutic trials for confirmation. Beyond the risk of developing liver complications, that is, cirrhosis and liver cancer, patients with HCV infection have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality related to nonliver diseases. HCV chronic infection should be analyzed as a systemic disease in which extrahepatic consequences increase the weight of its pathological burden. The need for effective viral eradication measures is underlined.

Keywords: extrahepatic manifestations; hepatitis C virus; treatment.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Adinolfi, L., Restivo, L., Zampino, R., Guerrera, B., Lonardo, A., Ruggiero, L. et al. (2012) Chronic HCV infection is a risk of atherosclerosis. Role of HCV and HCV-related steatosis. Atherosclerosis 221: 496–502. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.01.051. - PubMed
    1. Adinolfi L., Zampino R., Restivo L., Lonardo A., Guerrera B., Marrone A., et al. (2014) Chronic hepatitis C virus infection and atherosclerosis: clinical impact and mechanisms. World J Gastroenterol 20: 3410–3417. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Aghemo A., Prati G., Rumi M., Soffredini R., D’Ambrosio R., Orsi E., et al. (2012) Sustained virological response prevents the development of insulin resistance in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 56: 1681–1687. - PubMed
    1. Andreone P., Zignego A., Cursaro C., Gramenzi A., Gherlinzoni F., Fiorino S., et al. (1998) Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathies in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Ann Intern Med 129: 294–298. - PubMed
    1. Arcaini L., Vallisa D., Rattotti S., Ferretti V., Ferreri A., Bernuzzi P., et al. (2014) Antiviral treatment in patients with indolent B-cell lymphomas associated with HCV infection: a study of the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi. Ann Oncol 25: 1404–1410. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources