The biological effects of UV-B on the eye

Abstract

The adverse effects of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on the eye have been suspected but only recently have they been quantified by epidemiologic studies in humans. These studies became possible as methods to qualify individual ocular UV-B exposure were developed. A consistent dose-dependent association between ocular UV-B exposure and two common types of cataract (cortical and posterior subcapsular) has been shown. Although suggested by experimental studies, at present, evidence does not exist to link UV-B exposure to senile macular degeneration. Ocular exposure to UV-B is also associated with several corneal changes, pterygium, climatic droplet keratopathy, and acute photokeratitis (snow blindness). Significant reduction in ocular UV-B exposure results from the use of eyeglasses and hats.