Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 Jan-Mar;47(1):110-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.bjm.2015.11.015. Epub 2016 Jan 27.

Enzymatic saccharification and fermentation of cellulosic date palm wastes to glucose and lactic acid

Sulaiman A Alrumman  1
Affiliations

Enzymatic saccharification and fermentation of cellulosic date palm wastes to glucose and lactic acid

Sulaiman A Alrumman. Braz J Microbiol. 2016 Jan-Mar.

Abstract

The bioconversion of cellulosic wastes into high-value bio-products by saccharification and fermentation processes is an important step that can reduce the environmental pollution caused by agricultural wastes. In this study, enzymatic saccharification of treated and untreated date palm cellulosic wastes by the cellulases from Geobacillus stearothermophilus was optimized. The alkaline pre-treatment of the date palm wastes was found to be effective in increasing the saccharification percentage. The maximum rate of saccharification was found at a substrate concentration of 4% and enzyme concentration of 30 FPU/g of substrate. The optimum pH and temperature for the bioconversions were 5.0 and 50°C, respectively, after 24h of incubation, with a yield of 31.56mg/mL of glucose at a saccharification degree of 71.03%. The saccharification was increased to 94.88% by removal of the hydrolysate after 24h by using a two-step hydrolysis. Significant lactic acid production (27.8mg/mL) was obtained by separate saccharification and fermentation after 72h of incubation. The results indicate that production of fermentable sugar and lactic acid is feasible and may reduce environmental pollution by using date palm wastes as a cheap substrate.

Keywords: Cellulases; Date palm wastes; Enzymes saccharification; Lactic acid.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Effect of pre-treatments on saccharification and glucose production by date palm wastes (UTL, untreated leaves; ATL, alkaline-treated leaves; ASTL, acid-steam-treated leaves; UTLB, untreated leaf bases; ATLB, alkaline-treated leaves bases; ASTLB, acid-steam-treated leaf bases; UTF, untreated fibrous; ATF, alkaline-treated fibrous; ASTF, acid-steam-treated fibrous) [LSD (p ≤ 0.05): saccharification 0.035754, glucose 0.027816].
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Effect of substrate concentration on saccharification and glucose production [LSD (p ≤ 0.05): saccharification 0.025365, glucose 0.024607].
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Effect of enzyme substrate ratio on saccharification and glucose production [LSD (p ≤ 0.05): saccharification 0.023826, glucose 0.0261].
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Effect of pH value on saccharification and glucose production [LSD (p ≤ 0.05): saccharification 0.031768, glucose 0.050895].
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Effect of temperature on saccharification and glucose production [LSD (p ≤ 0.05): saccharification 0.036021, glucose 0.034173].
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Effect of reaction time on saccharification and glucose production [LSD (p ≤ 0.05): saccharification 0.147473, glucose 0.112541].
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Enzymatic saccharification in the second hydrolysis process (two-step) [LSD (p ≤ 0.05): saccharification 0.036221, glucose 0.058577].
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Lactic acid production by separate saccharification and fermentation technique [LSD (p ≤ 0.05): lactic acid 2.062469, remaining glucose 1.659854].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Chandel A.K., Chandrasekhar G., Silva M.B., Silvério da Silva S. The realm of cellulases in biorefinery development. Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2012;32:187–202. - PubMed
    1. Rahna K., Rathnan D.J., Balasaravanan T. Isolation screening, identification and optimized production of extracellular cellulase from Bacillus subtilis using cellulosic waste as carbon source. J Microbiol Biotechnol Food Sci. 2013;2:2383–2386.
    1. Sadik M.W., Al Ashhab A.O., Zahran M.K., Alsaqan F.M. Composting mulch of date palm trees through microbial activator in Saudi Arabia. Int J Biochem Biotechnol. 2012;1:156–161.
    1. Saravanakumar K., Kathiresan K. Bioconversion of lignocellulosic waste to bioethanol by Trichoderma and yeast fermentation. 3 Biotech. 2014;4:493–499. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Sharma V., Vij H., Singh P.K., Bhatt S. Potential cellulase production, optimization and saccharification study by novel thermophilic microbes. ABS J Sustain Biotechnol. 2013;1:20–27.

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources