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. 2015 Dec;10(12):1945-6.
doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.172309.

Dental pulp stem cells-derived schwann cells for peripheral nerve injury regeneration

Heba Al-Zer  1 , Heba Kalbouneh  2
Affiliations

Dental pulp stem cells-derived schwann cells for peripheral nerve injury regeneration

Heba Al-Zer et al. Neural Regen Res. 2015 Dec.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Wallerian degeneration in peripheral nervous system and axonal regeneration. A typical motor neuron with its axon surrounded by myelin sheath formed by Schwann cells (A). After injury, the distal detached nerve segment degenerates, and the surrounding myelin breaks down. The proximal segment of the axon undergoes degeneration that extends proximally only as far as the first node of Ranvier. The proximal segment undergoes chromatolysis; the Nissl bodies dissolve, the nucleus migrates towards the periphery of the cell and the size of the neuronal cell body and nucleus increase. Schwann cells become activated; they rapidly demyelinate, proliferate and dedifferentiate to a more progenitor-like cell type. Schwann cells also induce chemotactic migration of macrophages and secrete several neurotrophic factors needed for regeneration. Axonal and myelin debris are phagosytosed by both Schwann cells and recruited macrophages (B). The proliferating Schwann cells form a line of cells called bands of Büngner within their basal lamina. These bands guide axonal sprouts during regeneration (C). In the later stages of regeneration, Schwann cells redifferentiate into myelinating cells and evidence of chromatolysis is no longer present (D).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dental pulp stem cell (DPSC)-derived SCs in peripheral nerve injury regeneration. Dental pulp is extracted from healthy adult human teeth (A). DPSCs are cultured in a special serum-free medium to ensure that the resulting stem cells are of neural crest ontogeny (B). Nerual crest-derived DPSCs are induced to differentiate into Schwann cells, which is characterized by Schwann cell marker expression and neurotrophic factor secretion (C). Schwann cells are seeded on scaffolds in vitro to study their ability to survive and multiply in a 3D structure (D). Schwann cells seeded on a suitable scaffold are transplanted into an in vivo PNS injury model (e.g., rat sciatic nerve injury) and healing is monitored according to specific criteria (E).
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References

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