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. 2016 Mar;23(2):425-9.
doi: 10.1107/S1600577516001636. Epub 2016 Feb 17.

Compound refractive lenses as prefocusing optics for X-ray FEL radiation

Philip Heimann  1 , Michael MacDonald  1 , Bob Nagler  1 , Hae Ja Lee  1 , Eric Galtier  1 , Brice Arnold  1 , Zhou Xing  1
Affiliations

Compound refractive lenses as prefocusing optics for X-ray FEL radiation

Philip Heimann et al. J Synchrotron Radiat. 2016 Mar.

Abstract

The performance of X-ray free-electron laser beamlines may be limited by the angular aperture. Compound refractive lenses (CRLs) can be employed to prefocus the X-ray beam, thereby increasing the beamline transmission. A prefocusing CRL was implemented in the X-ray transport of the Matter under Extreme Conditions Instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source. A significant improvement in the beamline transmission was calculated over the 3-10 keV photon energy range. At 5 keV, the relative X-ray intensity was measured and a factor of four increase was seen in the beamline transmission. The X-ray focus was also determined by the ablation imprint method.

Keywords: X-ray free-electron laser; X-ray optics; compound refractive lens.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic diagram of the LCLS MEC X-ray beamline.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Calculated transmission of the MEC CRL alone (red circles) and with an additional CRL acting as prefocusing optic (blue squares).
Figure 3
Figure 3
The measured relative X-ray intensity at 5 keV with and without the prefocusing CRL.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) Ablation imprint area versus transmission, (b) fit fluence profile and (c) encircled energy. The blue and the red curves represent the two Gaussian contributions to the X-ray focus and the solid black fluence curve is the sum.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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