Serum periostin in obstructive airways disease

Abstract

Serum periostin is a potential biomarker of response to therapies that target type 2 inflammation in asthma. The objectives of this study were to describe: 1) the distribution of serum periostin levels in adults with symptomatic airflow obstruction; 2) its relationship with other variables, including type 2 biomarkers; and 3) the effect of inhaled corticosteroids on periostin levels.Serum periostin levels were measured in a cross-sectional study exploring phenotypes and biomarkers in 386 patients aged 18-75 years who reported wheeze and breathlessness in the past 12 months. In 49 ICS-naïve patients, periostin levels were measured again after 12 weeks of budesonide (800 μg·day(-1)).The distribution of serum periostin levels was right skewed (mean±sd 57.3±18.6 ng·mL(-1), median (interquartile range) 54.0 (45.1-65.6) ng·mL(-1), range 15.0-164.7 ng·mL(-1)). Periostin was positively associated with exhaled nitric oxide (Spearman's rho=0.22, p<0.001), blood eosinophil count (Spearman's rho=0.21, p<0.001), and total IgE (Spearman's rho=0.14, p=0.007). The Hodges-Lehmann estimator (95% CI) of change in periostin level after ICS therapy was -4.8 (-6.7- -3.2) ng·mL(-1) (p<0.001).These findings provide data on the distribution of serum periostin in adults with symptomatic airflow obstruction, the weak associations between periostin and other type 2 markers, and the reduction in periostin with inhaled corticosteroid therapy.

FIGURE 1

a) Distribution of baseline serum periostin and b) the same data plotted on a natural logarithm transformed scale.

FIGURE 2

Scatter plots of log serum periostin and a) log exhaled nitric oxide fraction (F_eNO), b) log IgE, c) blood eosinophil count and d) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁).