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Review
. 2016 Mar;8(1):223-31.
doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2015.10.034.

The Muscle-Bound Heart

Marwan M Refaat  1 , Akl C Fahed  2 , Sylvana Hassanieh  3 , Mostafa Hotait  4 , Mariam Arabi  5 , Hadi Skouri  4 , Jonathan G Seidman  6 , Christine E Seidman  7 , Fadi F Bitar  5 , Georges Nemer  3
Affiliations
Review

The Muscle-Bound Heart

Marwan M Refaat et al. Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2016 Mar.

Abstract

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a familial cardiac disease manifested in a wide phenotype and diverse genotype and, thus, presenting unpredictable risks mainly on young adults. Extensive studies are being conducted to categorize patients and link phenotype with genotype for a better management and control of the disease with all its complications. Because the full mechanisms behind HCM are still not revealed, therapeutics are not definitive. Further research is to be conducted for the generation of a complete picture and directed therapy for HCM.

Keywords: Genotype; Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; Left ventricle; Muscle-bound heart; Phenotype.

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Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:
Pedigree for the family isshown (circles 5 females; squares 5 males) with affected subjects shown as shaded circles and squares. The arrow marks the proband with HCM.
Figure 2:
Figure 2:
Management algorithm of patients with HCM. 2-D, 2 dimensional; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; LVEF, LV ejection fraction; MRA, magnetic resonance angiography.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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