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. 2015 Oct;11(Suppl 3):S469-73.
doi: 10.4103/0973-1296.168974.

Bio Prospecting of Marine-derived Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10 and Exploring its Cytotoxicity Against Human Liver Cancer Cell Lines

Jemimah Naine Selvakumar  1 , Subathra Devi Chandrasekaran  1 , Mohanasrinivasan Vaithilingam  1
Affiliations

Bio Prospecting of Marine-derived Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10 and Exploring its Cytotoxicity Against Human Liver Cancer Cell Lines

Jemimah Naine Selvakumar et al. Pharmacogn Mag. 2015 Oct.

Abstract

Background: Recently, numerous pathogens have developed resistance due to the indiscriminate use of commercial therapeutic drugs.

Objective: The main aim of the study was to evaluate the bioactive potential of the Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10 crude extract.

Materials and methods: The S. spectabilis VITJS10 ethyl acetate extract was tested for antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties. Genotypic characterization was done using 16S r-DNA partial gene amplification and sequencing. The authenticity of the crude chemical constitutes were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Results: The antibacterial potential revealed the effective activity against Shigellaflexneri (MTCC No: 1457) (22 mm), Salmonella typhi (MTCC No: 1167) (23 mm), Escherichia coli (MTCC No: 1588) (22 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC No: 4676) (22 mm) at 20 mg/mL concentration. Scavenging ability of the extract was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay revealing its 95% inhibition at 5 mg/mL concentration. Hepatocellular cancer cells (HepG2) cell line was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. The extract showed maximum inhibition at IC50 of 250 μg/mL with 53.6% cell viability. The highest 16S rRNA gene sequence homogeneity was observed 99% similar with the novel strain S. spectabilis S3-1. The chemical components of the crude extract of VITJS10 were detected with 37 chemical constituents. However three major compounds were identified, namely Sulfurous acid, 2-ethylhexyl tridecyl ester, Phenol, 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl), and Trans-2-methyl-4-n-pentylthiane, S, S-Dioxide.

Conclusion: Hence the present study justifies the overwhelming circumstantial evidence as the most bioactive metabolites from the marine origin, which has potential utilization in pharmaceutical industry.

Summary: The aim of this study was to explore the bioactive potential of marine Streptomyces sp. isolated from marine soil and understand the bioactive properties of the crude extracts. It is clearly evident from the study that the bioactive metabolites produced by Streptomyces sp. exhibited good antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activity. Our results indicated that Starch casein medium was the good base for bioactive metabolite production. The taxonomic position of Streptomyces sp. isolated revealed unique pattern of phenotypic properties that distinguished it from representatives. The molecular characterization results provided valuable data for establishing the internal taxonomic structure of the genus. Hence high mortality rates, serious side effects, deficiencies of the available chemotherapeutics, and high costs during treatment clearly underscore the need to develop new anticancer agents, With the above significant features the strain could be recommended for its use in medicinal and agricultural sectors, an extensive knowledge on the behavior of natural compounds can be gained for the benefit of health.

Keywords: Bioactivity; MARINE actinomycetes; Streptomyces spectabilis; VITJS10; cytotoxicity; secondary metabolites.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10 on starch casein agar; (b) scanning electron microscopy analysis of Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10 spores
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cross streak assay of Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) Pictorial view showing the inhibition of bacterial pathogens (a) Shigella flexneri MTCC No: (1457), (b) Salmonella typhi MTCC No: 1167, (c) Escherichia coli MTCC No: 1588, (d) Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC No: 4676. (B) Graphical representation of antibacterial property Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10 crude extract
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) Pictorial view showing antioxidant property of Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10 crude extract (b) Graphical representation of antioxidant property of Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10 crude extract
Figure 5
Figure 5
(a) Percentage of cell viability shows the effective drug concentration toxic to HepG2 cell lines. (b) Morphological changes in HepG2 cell lines after treated with standard drug (Doxorubicin) and crude extract of Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10
Figure 6
Figure 6
Phylogenetic tree of Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10
Figure 7
Figure 7
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry chromatogram of Streptomyces spectabilis VITJS10 crude extract
None
Dr. Jemimah Naine
None
Dr. C. Subathra Devi
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