Validation of the Italian version of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale in nurses

Abstract

Aims: To ascertain the validity and reliability of the Italian version of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6).

Background: Presenteeism has been associated with a work productivity reduction, a lower quality of work and an increased risk of developing health disorders. It is particularly high among nurses and needs valid tools to be assessed.

Methods: A validation study was carried out from July to September 2014. A three-section tool, made of a demographic form, the Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) was administered to a sample of nurses, enrolled in three Italian hospitals.

Results: Cronbach's α for the entire sample (229 nurses) was found to be 0.72. A significant negative correlation between SPS and perceived stress scores evidenced the external validity. The factor analysis showed a two-component solution, accounting for 71.2% of the variance. The confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate fit.

Conclusion: The Italian SPS-6 is a valid and reliable tool for workplace surveys.

Implications for nursing management: Since the validity and reliability of SPS-6 has been confirmed for the Italian version, we have now a valid tool that can measure the levels of presenteeism among Italian nurses.

Keywords: health; nurse; presenteeism; reliability; validity.