Differences in the carcinogenic evaluation of glyphosate between the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

Christopher J Portier¹, Bruce K Armstrong², Bruce C Baguley³, Xaver Baur⁴, Igor Belyaev⁵, Robert Bellé⁶, Fiorella Belpoggi⁷, Annibale Biggeri⁸, Maarten C Bosland⁹, Paolo Bruzzi¹⁰, Lygia Therese Budnik¹¹, Merete D Bugge¹², Kathleen Burns¹³, Gloria M Calaf¹⁴, David O Carpenter¹⁵, Hillary M Carpenter¹⁶, Lizbeth López-Carrillo¹⁷, Richard Clapp¹⁸, Pierluigi Cocco¹⁹, Dario Consonni²⁰, Pietro Comba²¹, Elena Craft²², Mohamed Aqiel Dalvie²³, Devra Davis²⁴, Paul A Demers²⁵, Anneclaire J De Roos²⁶, Jamie DeWitt²⁷, Francesco Forastiere²⁸, Jonathan H Freedman²⁹, Lin Fritschi³⁰, Caroline Gaus³¹, Julia M Gohlke³², Marcel Goldberg³³, Eberhard Greiser³⁴, Johnni Hansen³⁵, Lennart Hardell³⁶, Michael Hauptmann³⁷, Wei Huang³⁸, James Huff³⁹, Margaret O James⁴⁰, C W Jameson⁴¹, Andreas Kortenkamp⁴², Annette Kopp-Schneider⁴³, Hans Kromhout⁴⁴, Marcelo L Larramendy⁴⁵, Philip J Landrigan⁴⁶, Lawrence H Lash⁴⁷, Dariusz Leszczynski⁴⁸, Charles F Lynch⁴⁹, Corrado Magnani⁵⁰, Daniele Mandrioli⁵¹, Francis L Martin⁵², Enzo Merler⁵³, Paola Michelozzi⁵⁴, Lucia Miligi⁵⁵, Anthony B Miller²⁵, Dario Mirabelli⁵⁶, Franklin E Mirer⁵⁷, Saloshni Naidoo⁵⁸, Melissa J Perry⁵⁹, Maria Grazia Petronio⁶⁰, Roberta Pirastu⁶¹, Ralph J Portier⁶², Kenneth S Ramos⁶³, Larry W Robertson⁶⁴, Theresa Rodriguez⁶⁵, Martin Röösli⁶⁶, Matt K Ross⁶⁷, Deodutta Roy⁶⁸, Ivan Rusyn⁶⁹, Paulo Saldiva⁷⁰, Jennifer Sass⁷¹, Kai Savolainen⁷², Paul T J Scheepers⁷³, Consolato Sergi⁷⁴, Ellen K Silbergeld⁷⁵, Martyn T Smith⁷⁶, Bernard W Stewart⁷⁷, Patrice Sutton⁷⁸, Fabio Tateo⁷⁹, Benedetto Terracini⁸⁰, Heinz W Thielmann⁸¹, David B Thomas⁸², Harri Vainio⁸³, John E Vena⁸⁴, Paolo Vineis⁸⁵, Elisabete Weiderpass⁸⁶, Dennis D Weisenburger⁸⁷, Tracey J Woodruff⁸⁸, Takashi Yorifuji⁸⁹, Il Je Yu⁹⁰, Paola Zambon⁹¹, Hajo Zeeb⁹², Shu-Feng Zhou⁹³

Affiliations

¹ Environmental Health Consultant, Thun, Switzerland.
² The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
³ The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
⁴ Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
⁵ Cancer Research Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
⁶ Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR8227, Roscoff, France.
⁷ CesareMaltoni Cancer Research Center, Bentivoglio (Bologna), Italy.
⁸ Institute for Cancer Prevention and Research, University of Florence, Italy.
⁹ University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
¹⁰ National Cancer Research Institute, San Martino-IST Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
¹¹ University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
¹² STAMI, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.
¹³ Sciencecorps, Lexington, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁴ Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile.
¹⁵ Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York, USA.
¹⁶ Toxicologist, Maplewood, Minnesota, USA.
¹⁷ National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
¹⁸ Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
²⁰ Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
²¹ Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, IstitutoSuperiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
²² Environmental Defense Fund, Austin, Texas, USA.
²³ Center for Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
²⁴ Environmental Health Trust, Jackson Hole, Wyoming, USA and The Hebrew University Hadassah School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
²⁵ Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada.
²⁶ Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
²⁷ Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
²⁸ Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy.
²⁹ University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
³⁰ School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
³¹ Department of Environmental Toxicology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
³² Department of Population Health Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
³³ Paris Descartes University, France.
³⁴ Epi.Consult GmbH, Musweiler, Germany.
³⁵ Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
³⁶ University Hospital, Orebra, Sweden.
³⁷ Biostatistics Branch, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
³⁸ Faculty of Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking Univ School of Public Health, Beijing, China.
³⁹ National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
⁴⁰ University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
⁴¹ CWJ Consulting, LLC, Cape Coral, Florida, USA.
⁴² Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK.
⁴³ Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
⁴⁴ Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
⁴⁵ National Council of Scientific and Technological Research, National University of La Plata, Argentina.
⁴⁶ Arnhold Institute for Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
⁴⁷ Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
⁴⁸ Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
⁴⁹ Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
⁵⁰ Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.
⁵¹ Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Bentivoglio (Bologna), Italy.
⁵² Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster University, UK.
⁵³ Department of Prevention, Occupational Health Unit, National Health Service, Padua, Italy.
⁵⁴ Department of Epidemiology Lazio Region, Rome, Italy.
⁵⁵ Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy.
⁵⁶ Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Torino, Italy.
⁵⁷ Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, City University of New York School of Public Health, USA.
⁵⁸ School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
⁵⁹ Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA.
⁶⁰ Health and Environment-Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority-Empoli, Florence, Italy.
⁶¹ Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Rome University, Italy.
⁶² Department of Environmental Sciences, School of the Coast & Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Los Angeles, USA.
⁶³ Center for Applied Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
⁶⁴ Iowa Superfund Research Program and the Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
⁶⁵ Center for Research in Health, Work and Environment (CISTA), National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN-León), León, Nicaragua.
⁶⁶ Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Associated Institute of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁶⁷ College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, USA.
⁶⁸ Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.
⁶⁹ Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
⁷⁰ Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
⁷¹ Natural Resources Defense Council and George Washington University, Washington DC, USA.
⁷² Nanosafety Research Centre, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
⁷³ Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
⁷⁴ Department of Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
⁷⁵ Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
⁷⁶ School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
⁷⁷ Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales Australia.
⁷⁸ Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
⁷⁹ Istituto di Geosceinze e Georisorse (CNR), Padova, Italy.
⁸⁰ University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
⁸¹ German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg and Faculty of Pharmacy, Heidelberg University, Germany.
⁸² Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
⁸³ Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
⁸⁴ Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
⁸⁵ Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK.
⁸⁶ Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway; Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
⁸⁷ Department of Pathology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA.
⁸⁸ Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
⁸⁹ Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
⁹⁰ Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, Asan, The Republic of Korea.
⁹¹ University of Padua, Padova, Italy.
⁹² Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany.
⁹³ College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.

PMID: 26941213
PMCID: PMC4975799
DOI: 10.1136/jech-2015-207005

Differences in the carcinogenic evaluation of glyphosate between the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

Christopher J Portier et al. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2016 Aug.

. 2016 Aug;70(8):741-5.

doi: 10.1136/jech-2015-207005. Epub 2016 Mar 3.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Environmental Health Consultant, Thun, Switzerland.
² The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
³ The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
⁴ Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
⁵ Cancer Research Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
⁶ Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR8227, Roscoff, France.
⁷ CesareMaltoni Cancer Research Center, Bentivoglio (Bologna), Italy.
⁸ Institute for Cancer Prevention and Research, University of Florence, Italy.
⁹ University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
¹⁰ National Cancer Research Institute, San Martino-IST Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
¹¹ University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
¹² STAMI, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.
¹³ Sciencecorps, Lexington, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁴ Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile.
¹⁵ Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York, USA.
¹⁶ Toxicologist, Maplewood, Minnesota, USA.
¹⁷ National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
¹⁸ Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
²⁰ Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
²¹ Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, IstitutoSuperiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
²² Environmental Defense Fund, Austin, Texas, USA.
²³ Center for Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
²⁴ Environmental Health Trust, Jackson Hole, Wyoming, USA and The Hebrew University Hadassah School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
²⁵ Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada.
²⁶ Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
²⁷ Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
²⁸ Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy.
²⁹ University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
³⁰ School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
³¹ Department of Environmental Toxicology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
³² Department of Population Health Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
³³ Paris Descartes University, France.
³⁴ Epi.Consult GmbH, Musweiler, Germany.
³⁵ Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
³⁶ University Hospital, Orebra, Sweden.
³⁷ Biostatistics Branch, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
³⁸ Faculty of Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking Univ School of Public Health, Beijing, China.
³⁹ National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
⁴⁰ University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
⁴¹ CWJ Consulting, LLC, Cape Coral, Florida, USA.
⁴² Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK.
⁴³ Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
⁴⁴ Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
⁴⁵ National Council of Scientific and Technological Research, National University of La Plata, Argentina.
⁴⁶ Arnhold Institute for Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
⁴⁷ Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
⁴⁸ Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
⁴⁹ Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
⁵⁰ Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.
⁵¹ Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Bentivoglio (Bologna), Italy.
⁵² Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster University, UK.
⁵³ Department of Prevention, Occupational Health Unit, National Health Service, Padua, Italy.
⁵⁴ Department of Epidemiology Lazio Region, Rome, Italy.
⁵⁵ Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, ISPO-Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy.
⁵⁶ Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Torino, Italy.
⁵⁷ Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, City University of New York School of Public Health, USA.
⁵⁸ School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
⁵⁹ Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA.
⁶⁰ Health and Environment-Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority-Empoli, Florence, Italy.
⁶¹ Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Rome University, Italy.
⁶² Department of Environmental Sciences, School of the Coast & Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Los Angeles, USA.
⁶³ Center for Applied Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
⁶⁴ Iowa Superfund Research Program and the Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
⁶⁵ Center for Research in Health, Work and Environment (CISTA), National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN-León), León, Nicaragua.
⁶⁶ Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Associated Institute of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁶⁷ College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, USA.
⁶⁸ Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.
⁶⁹ Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
⁷⁰ Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
⁷¹ Natural Resources Defense Council and George Washington University, Washington DC, USA.
⁷² Nanosafety Research Centre, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
⁷³ Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
⁷⁴ Department of Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
⁷⁵ Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
⁷⁶ School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
⁷⁷ Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales Australia.
⁷⁸ Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
⁷⁹ Istituto di Geosceinze e Georisorse (CNR), Padova, Italy.
⁸⁰ University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
⁸¹ German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg and Faculty of Pharmacy, Heidelberg University, Germany.
⁸² Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
⁸³ Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
⁸⁴ Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
⁸⁵ Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK.
⁸⁶ Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway; Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
⁸⁷ Department of Pathology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA.
⁸⁸ Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
⁸⁹ Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
⁹⁰ Institute of Nanoproduct Safety Research, Hoseo University, Asan, The Republic of Korea.
⁹¹ University of Padua, Padova, Italy.
⁹² Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany.
⁹³ College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.

PMID: 26941213
PMCID: PMC4975799
DOI: 10.1136/jech-2015-207005

No abstract available

Keywords: CANCER; ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; Environmental epidemiology; PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY; TOXICOLOGY.

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References

1. IARC. Preamble to the IARC Monographs 2006. http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Preamble/CurrentPreamble.pdf
1. Guyton KZ, Loomis D, Grosse Y, et al. . Carcinogenicity of tetrachlorvinphos, parathion, malathion, diazinon, and glyphosate. Lancet Oncol 2015;16:490–1. 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)70134-8 - DOI - PubMed
1. IARC Working Group. Glyphosate. In: Some organophosphate insecticides and herbicides: diazinon, glyphosate, malathion, parathion, and tetrachlorvinphos. Vol 112 IARC Monogr Prog, 2015:1–92.
1. European Food Safety Authority. Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance glyphosate. EFSA J 2015;13:4302. - PMC - PubMed
1. European Food Safety Authority. Final Addendum to the Renewal Assessment Report 2015. http://registerofquestions.efsa.europa.eu/roqFrontend/outputLoader?outpu...

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Differences in the carcinogenic evaluation of glyphosate between the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

Affiliations

Differences in the carcinogenic evaluation of glyphosate between the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

Authors

Affiliations

References

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources

Medical