Therapeutic plasma exchange for hypertriglyceridemia induced pancreatitis: A rapid and practical approach

Abstract

Objectives: Acute hypertriglyceridemia induced pancreatitis (HTP) presents with a more severe clinical course compared to other etiologies of pancreatitis. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a potential treatment option for lowering plasma triglycerides and possibly decreasing morbidity and mortality. However, clinical data regarding its effectiveness are limited.

Methods: We retrospectively examined the clinical data and outcomes of 13 consecutive episodes of HTP in which TPE was employed to reduce plasma triglycerides during a 15-month period.

Results: The TPE was initiated at a median of 19 hours from the time of presentation. We performed 1.2-1.5 volume TPEs with 5% albumin as the replacement fluid. After only one TPE procedure, the mean plasma triglycerides values decreased from 2993 mg/dl to 487 mg/dl with a reduction of 84%. All 13 patients survived with a mean length of hospital stay of 9.5 days. There were no complications related to TPE.

Conclusions: One TPE procedure is an effective method for reducing plasma triglycerides and possibly decreases the length of hospital stay in patients admitted with HTP.

Keywords: Hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis; Plasma exchange; Triglycerides.