Detailed Evaluation of Five 3D Speckle Tracking Algorithms Using Synthetic Echocardiographic Recordings

Abstract

A plethora of techniques for cardiac deformation imaging with 3D ultrasound, typically referred to as 3D speckle tracking techniques, are available from academia and industry. Although the benefits of single methods over alternative ones have been reported in separate publications, the intrinsic differences in the data and definitions used makes it hard to compare the relative performance of different solutions. To address this issue, we have recently proposed a framework to simulate realistic 3D echocardiographic recordings and used it to generate a common set of ground-truth data for 3D speckle tracking algorithms, which was made available online. The aim of this study was therefore to use the newly developed database to contrast non-commercial speckle tracking solutions from research groups with leading expertise in the field. The five techniques involved cover the most representative families of existing approaches, namely block-matching, radio-frequency tracking, optical flow and elastic image registration. The techniques were contrasted in terms of tracking and strain accuracy. The feasibility of the obtained strain measurements to diagnose pathology was also tested for ischemia and dyssynchrony.