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. 2016 Jan-Feb;110(1):53-58.

Travel in Adverse Winter Weather Conditions by Blind Pedestrians: Effect of Cane Tip Design on Travel on Snow

Dae Shik Kim  1 , Robert Wall Emerson  2 , Eleni Gaves  3
Affiliations

Travel in Adverse Winter Weather Conditions by Blind Pedestrians: Effect of Cane Tip Design on Travel on Snow

Dae Shik Kim et al. J Vis Impair Blind. 2016 Jan-Feb.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
From the left: (1) metal glide tip, (2) marshmallow roller tip, (3) roller ball tip, and (4) bundu basher tip.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Participant walking on the snow-covered sidewalk.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Frequency of sticking for different cane tips. Error bars indicate standard errors.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Time elapsed before arriving at a destination with different cane tips. Error bars indicate standard errors.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 1988.
    1. Couturier J, Ratelle A. Teaching orientation and mobility for adverse weather conditions. In: Wiener W, Welsh R, Blasch B, editors. Foundations of orientation and mobility. 3. Vol. 2. New York: American Foundation for the Blind; 2010.
    1. Erdfelder E, Faul F, Buchner A. Gpower: A general power analysis program. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers. 1996;28(1):1–11.
    1. Kallie C, Schrater P, Legg G. Variability in stepping direction explains the veering behaviour of blind walkers. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. 2007;33:183–200. - PMC - PubMed
    1. La Grow S, Kjeldstad A, Lewandowski E. The effects of cane-tip design on three aspects of nonvisual travel. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness. 1988;82:13–16.

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