Prevalence of Age-Related Cataract and Cataract Surgery in a Chinese Adult Population: The Taizhou Eye Study

Abstract

Purpose: To study the prevalence of age-related cataract (ARC), cataract surgery, and visual outcomes in a Chinese adult population in Taizhou, China.

Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted using a random cluster sampling method. We evaluated 10,234 eligible subjects 45 years or older (response rate 78.1%) in the Taizhou Eye Study. We conducted a detailed eye examination in all participants, including presenting visual acuity (PVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp assessment of lens opacities using the Lens Opacities Classification System III (LOCS III), and fundus examination.

Results: The standardized prevalences of cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) were 28.6%, 24.3%, and 4.4%, respectively, and combined nuclear and cortical cataract was the most common cataract type (40.0%). According to the US visual impairment (VI) criteria and World Health Organization VI criteria, 40.6% and 21.8% of PSC participants had binocular VI, respectively; these values were higher than the VI rates in cortical and nuclear cataract (all P < 0.001). Of 148 patients (3.5%) who had cataract surgeries, 41.2% had PVA <20/63, and 19.6% had PVA <20/200. The main causes of poor visual outcome after cataract surgery were ocular comorbidities (41.3%), uncorrected refractive error (30.0%), surgical complications (15.0%), and posterior capsular opacification (PCO; 13.7%).

Conclusions: The high prevalence of cataract and high rate of VI from ARC in the adult Chinese population remains a severe public health problem. Cataract surgery remains insufficient in mainland China and poor visual outcomes were frequent. Surgical complications and PCO were important avoidable causes that attributed to poor visual outcomes after cataract surgeries.