The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship

Mark D Wilkinson¹, Michel Dumontier², I Jsbrand Jan Aalbersberg, Gabrielle Appleton, Myles Axton³, Arie Baak⁴, Niklas Blomberg⁵, Jan-Willem Boiten⁶, Luiz Bonino da Silva Santos⁷, Philip E Bourne⁸, Jildau Bouwman⁹, Anthony J Brookes¹⁰, Tim Clark¹¹, Mercè Crosas¹², Ingrid Dillo¹³, Olivier Dumon, Scott Edmunds¹⁴, Chris T Evelo¹⁵, Richard Finkers¹⁶, Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran¹⁷, Alasdair J G Gray¹⁸, Paul Groth, Carole Goble¹⁹, Jeffrey S Grethe²⁰, Jaap Heringa²¹, Peter A C 't Hoen²², Rob Hooft²³, Tobias Kuhn²⁴, Ruben Kok²¹, Joost Kok²⁵, Scott J Lusher²⁶, Maryann E Martone²⁷, Albert Mons²⁸, Abel L Packer²⁹, Bengt Persson³⁰, Philippe Rocca-Serra¹⁷, Marco Roos³¹, Rene van Schaik³², Susanna-Assunta Sansone¹⁷, Erik Schultes³³, Thierry Sengstag³⁴, Ted Slater³⁵, George Strawn, Morris A Swertz³⁶, Mark Thompson³¹, Johan van der Lei³⁷, Erik van Mulligen³⁷, Jan Velterop³⁸, Andra Waagmeester³⁹, Peter Wittenburg⁴⁰, Katherine Wolstencroft⁴¹, Jun Zhao⁴², Barend Mons^{43

26

37}

Affiliations

¹ Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid 28223, Spain.
² Stanford University, Stanford 94305-5411, USA.
³ Nature Genetics, New York 10004-1562, USA.
⁴ Euretos and Phortos Consultants, Rotterdam 2741 CA, The Netherlands.
⁵ ELIXIR, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.
⁶ Lygature, Eindhoven 5656 AG, The Netherlands.
⁷ Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Dutch Techcenter for Life Sciences, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
⁸ Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Rockville 20892, USA.
⁹ TNO, Zeist 3700 AJ, The Netherlands.
¹⁰ Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
¹¹ Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts MA 02115, USA.
¹² Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts MA 02138, USA.
¹³ Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS), The Hague 2593 HW, The Netherlands.
¹⁴ GigaScience, Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen 518083, China.
¹⁵ Department of Bioinformatics, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands.
¹⁶ Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands.
¹⁷ Oxford e-Research Center, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QG, UK.
¹⁸ Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
¹⁹ School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
²⁰ Center for Research in Biological Systems, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0446, USA.
²¹ Dutch Techcenter for the Life Sciences, Utrecht 3501 DE, The Netherlands.
²² Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Dutch Techcenter for the Life Sciences, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands.
²³ Dutch TechCenter for Life Sciences and ELIXIR-NL, Utrecht 3501 DE, The Netherlands.
²⁴ VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
²⁵ Leiden Center of Data Science, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands.
²⁶ Netherlands eScience Center, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands.
²⁷ National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, UCSD, San Diego 92103, USA.
²⁸ Phortos Consultants, San Diego 92011, USA.
²⁹ SciELO/FAPESP Program, UNIFESP Foundation, São Paulo 05468-901, Brazil.
³⁰ Bioinformatics Infrastructure for Life Sciences (BILS), Science for Life Laboratory, Dept of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, S-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
³¹ Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands.
³² Bayer CropScience, Gent Area 1831, Belgium.
³³ Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands.
³⁴ Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland.
³⁵ Cray, Inc., Seattle 98164, USA.
³⁶ University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands.
³⁷ Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3015 CE, The Netherlands.
³⁸ Independent Open Access and Open Science Advocate, Guildford GU1 3PW, UK.
³⁹ Micelio, Antwerp 2180, Belgium.
⁴⁰ Max Planck Compute and Data Facility, MPS, Garching 85748, Germany.
⁴¹ Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CA, The Netherlands.
⁴² Department of Computer Science, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3QD, UK.
⁴³ Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden and Dutch TechCenter for Life Sciences, Utrecht 2333 ZA, The Netherlands.

PMID: 26978244
PMCID: PMC4792175
DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2016.18

The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship

Mark D Wilkinson et al. Sci Data. 2016.

. 2016 Mar 15:3:160018.

doi: 10.1038/sdata.2016.18.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid 28223, Spain.
² Stanford University, Stanford 94305-5411, USA.
³ Nature Genetics, New York 10004-1562, USA.
⁴ Euretos and Phortos Consultants, Rotterdam 2741 CA, The Netherlands.
⁵ ELIXIR, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.
⁶ Lygature, Eindhoven 5656 AG, The Netherlands.
⁷ Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Dutch Techcenter for Life Sciences, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
⁸ Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Rockville 20892, USA.
⁹ TNO, Zeist 3700 AJ, The Netherlands.
¹⁰ Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
¹¹ Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts MA 02115, USA.
¹² Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts MA 02138, USA.
¹³ Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS), The Hague 2593 HW, The Netherlands.
¹⁴ GigaScience, Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen 518083, China.
¹⁵ Department of Bioinformatics, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands.
¹⁶ Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands.
¹⁷ Oxford e-Research Center, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QG, UK.
¹⁸ Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
¹⁹ School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
²⁰ Center for Research in Biological Systems, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0446, USA.
²¹ Dutch Techcenter for the Life Sciences, Utrecht 3501 DE, The Netherlands.
²² Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Dutch Techcenter for the Life Sciences, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands.
²³ Dutch TechCenter for Life Sciences and ELIXIR-NL, Utrecht 3501 DE, The Netherlands.
²⁴ VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
²⁵ Leiden Center of Data Science, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands.
²⁶ Netherlands eScience Center, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands.
²⁷ National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, UCSD, San Diego 92103, USA.
²⁸ Phortos Consultants, San Diego 92011, USA.
²⁹ SciELO/FAPESP Program, UNIFESP Foundation, São Paulo 05468-901, Brazil.
³⁰ Bioinformatics Infrastructure for Life Sciences (BILS), Science for Life Laboratory, Dept of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, S-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
³¹ Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands.
³² Bayer CropScience, Gent Area 1831, Belgium.
³³ Leiden Institute for Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands.
³⁴ Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland.
³⁵ Cray, Inc., Seattle 98164, USA.
³⁶ University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands.
³⁷ Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3015 CE, The Netherlands.
³⁸ Independent Open Access and Open Science Advocate, Guildford GU1 3PW, UK.
³⁹ Micelio, Antwerp 2180, Belgium.
⁴⁰ Max Planck Compute and Data Facility, MPS, Garching 85748, Germany.
⁴¹ Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CA, The Netherlands.
⁴² Department of Computer Science, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3QD, UK.
⁴³ Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden and Dutch TechCenter for Life Sciences, Utrecht 2333 ZA, The Netherlands.

PMID: 26978244
PMCID: PMC4792175
DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2016.18

Erratum in

Addendum: The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship.
Wilkinson MD, Dumontier M, Jan Aalbersberg I, Appleton G, Axton M, Baak A, Blomberg N, Boiten JW, da Silva Santos LB, Bourne PE, Bouwman J, Brookes AJ, Clark T, Crosas M, Dillo I, Dumon O, Edmunds S, Evelo CT, Finkers R, Gonzalez-Beltran A, Gray AJG, Groth P, Goble C, Grethe JS, Heringa J, Hoen PAC', Hooft R, Kuhn T, Kok R, Kok J, Lusher SJ, Martone ME, Mons A, Packer AL, Persson B, Rocca-Serra P, Roos M, van Schaik R, Sansone SA, Schultes E, Sengstag T, Slater T, Strawn G, Swertz MA, Thompson M, van der Lei J, van Mulligen E, Jan Velterop, Waagmeester A, Wittenburg P, Wolstencroft K, Zhao J, Mons B. Wilkinson MD, et al. Sci Data. 2019 Mar 19;6(1):6. doi: 10.1038/s41597-019-0009-6. Sci Data. 2019. PMID: 30890711 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

Abstract

There is an urgent need to improve the infrastructure supporting the reuse of scholarly data. A diverse set of stakeholders-representing academia, industry, funding agencies, and scholarly publishers-have come together to design and jointly endorse a concise and measureable set of principles that we refer to as the FAIR Data Principles. The intent is that these may act as a guideline for those wishing to enhance the reusability of their data holdings. Distinct from peer initiatives that focus on the human scholar, the FAIR Principles put specific emphasis on enhancing the ability of machines to automatically find and use the data, in addition to supporting its reuse by individuals. This Comment is the first formal publication of the FAIR Principles, and includes the rationale behind them, and some exemplar implementations in the community.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

M.A. is the Nature Genetics’ Editor in Chief; S.A.S. is Scientific Data’s Honorary Academic Editor and consultant.

Comment in

FAIR principles for data stewardship.
[No authors listed] [No authors listed] Nat Genet. 2016 Apr;48(4):343. doi: 10.1038/ng.3544. Nat Genet. 2016. PMID: 27023771 No abstract available.
Open data: support from Swiss funder.
Egger M, Kalt A. Egger M, et al. Nature. 2017 Jul 26;547(7664):403. doi: 10.1038/547403b. Nature. 2017. PMID: 28748938 No abstract available.

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The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship

Affiliations

The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship

Authors

Affiliations

Erratum in

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Comment in

References

MeSH terms

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

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