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. 2016 Mar 14:11:14.
doi: 10.1186/s13027-016-0058-9. eCollection 2016.

Human papillomavirus infection and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of case-control studies

Jong-Myon Bae  1 , Eun Hee Kim  1
Affiliations

Human papillomavirus infection and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of case-control studies

Jong-Myon Bae et al. Infect Agent Cancer. .

Abstract

Background: Although systematic reviews (SR) report that human papillomavirus (HPV) increases the risk of breast cancer, there are still disputes regarding this association. In particular, it has been argued that the risk level differs depending on nationality, type of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year. Considering that the searching year of publication for the previous SRs was June 2013, a renewal meta-analysis needs to be conducted.

Methods: Using articles selected in the previous SRs, we compiled a list of references, cited articles, and related articles from the PubMed and Scopus databases. Of these, only publications with data from case-control studies on HPV DNA-positivity in tissues were chosen. Summary odds ratio (SOR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated through meta-analysis. Meta-regression analysis was performed for nationality, types of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year.

Results: Twenty-two case-control studies were selected, and the total number of individuals in the case and control group was 1897 and 948, respectively. According to the meta-analysis about the 22 publications, HPV infection increased the risk of breast cancer (SOR = 4.02, 95 % CI: 2.42-6.68; I-squared = 44.7 %). Statistical significance was not found in meta-regression performed on the four variables of nationality, type of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year which some researchers think sources of heterogeneity.

Conclusions: The results of the present study supported the argument that HPV infection increases the risk of breast cancer. Age-matched case-control studies are in need in the future.

Keywords: Breast neoplasms; Human Papillomavirus; Meta-analysis; Risk factor.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow chart of article selection
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The forest plot of using a random‐effects summary estimates in 22 case‐control studies. ES : effect size; CI: confidence intervals
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The funnel plot of using a mixed‐effects summary estimates in 22 articles (P‐value of Egger test =0.165). LogOR: log odds ratio; s.e.of logOR: standard error of log odds ratio
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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