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. 2016 Jan 17;8(1):e34421.
doi: 10.5812/numonthly.34421. eCollection 2016 Jan.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Suppresses Apoptosis and Promotes Renal Tubular Regeneration After Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Heihachi Migita  1 , Shigenori Yoshitake  1 , Yoshihiro Tange  1 , Narantsog Choijookhuu  2 , Yoshitaka Hishikawa  2
Affiliations

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Suppresses Apoptosis and Promotes Renal Tubular Regeneration After Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Heihachi Migita et al. Nephrourol Mon. .

Abstract

Background: Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), in addition to I/R injury-induced tissue inflammation, necrosis and apoptosis. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) is defined as a treatment in which a patient is intermittently exposed to 100% oxygen pressurized to a pressure above sea level (> 2.0 atmospheres absolute (ATA), 1.0 ATA = 760 mmHg). It has been used in a number of medical conditions with a proven efficacy in a limited number of disorders. However, the effects of HBO therapy on apoptosis and proliferative activity after I/R injury have not been fully understood.

Objectives: We studied the possible beneficial effects of HBO therapy on apoptosis and tubular cell regeneration after renal I/R injury in rats.

Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into three groups: Sham (Sham-operated rats); I/R (animals submitted to I/R); and I/R + HBO (I/R rats exposed to HBO). Tubular cell apoptosis was confirmed by DNA laddering and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated uridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Cellular proliferation activity was determined using the anti-Ki-67 antibody.

Results: A significant decrease in apoptotic cells and increase in proliferative reaction were observed in the I/R + HBO group compared to the I/R group.

Conclusions: We demonstrated that HBO suppressed apoptosis, which caused inflammation after renal I/R, and promoted tubular cell regeneration. HBO has protective effects against AKI caused by renal I/R through the inhibition of apoptosis.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy; Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury; Rats.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) on Apoptosis After Renal I/R
Sections in the cortex and the outer stripe of the medulla (OSOM) are shown at the top and bottom, respectively. A and D, issue sections obtained 24 hours after sham surgery in the cortex and OSOM, respectively.; B, E, C, F, The I/R group showed a remarkable increase in apoptotic positive nucleus (arrow in B and E) in both the cortex and the OSOM, compared to the Sham and I/R + HBO groups (C and F).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Number of TUNEL-Positive Nucleus in The Cortex and The Outer Stripe of The Medulla (OSOM)
TUNEL-positive nucleus number in the cortex (21.2 ± 8.5/field) and the outer stripe of the medulla (OSOM) (47.9 ± 18.0/field) were observed in the I/R group. The I/R + HBO group showed the number in the cortex (1 ± 0.1/field), OSOM (1.5 ± 0.2/field). A significant reduction in positive cells was observed in the I/R + HBO group (P < 0.01). No TUNEL positive nuclei were not found in the Sham group. ND: not detected.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.. Number of Ki-67 Antibody Positive Cells in The Cortex and The Outer Stripe of The Medulla (OSOM)
Significant increases in Ki-67 antibody positive cells in the cortex and the OSOM were observed in the I/R + HBO groups compared to the Sham and I/R groups (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively).
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