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Review
. 2016 Jan-Feb;42(1):61-7.
doi: 10.1590/S1806-37562016000000101.

Psychological distress related to smoking cessation in patients with acute myocardial infarction

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Thyego Mychell Moreira-Santos  1 , Irma Godoy  2 , Ilda de Godoy  1
Affiliations
Review

Psychological distress related to smoking cessation in patients with acute myocardial infarction

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Thyego Mychell Moreira-Santos et al. J Bras Pneumol. 2016 Jan-Feb.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Among all causes of preventable deaths, smoking is responsible for the greatest number of deaths worldwide and predisposes to fatal, noncommunicable diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases. Lifestyle changes are effective in the treatment of patients with smoking-related diseases and assist in the prevention of premature mortality. Our objective was to investigate the available scientific evidence regarding the psychological distress related to smoking cessation in patients who have had acute myocardial infarction. To that end, we conducted an integrative review of the literature in order to summarize relevant studies on this topic. The selected databases were Scopus, PubMed Central, Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science (Core Collection), ScienceDirect, EMBASE, SciELO, LILACS e PsycINFO. On the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria adopted for this study, 14 articles were selected for analysis. Those studies showed that the prevalence of psychological distress is higher among smokers than among nonsmokers, and distress-related symptoms are much more common in smokers with acute myocardial infarction than in those without. Smoking cessation depends on the active participation of the smoker, whose major motivation is the underlying disease. Most studies have shown that there is a need to create treatment subgroups as a means of improving the treatment provided. This review article expands the knowledge regarding smoking cessation and shows the need to invest in future research that investigates subgroups of smokers diagnosed with the major smoking-related comorbidities, such as acute myocardial infarction, in order to develop specific interventions and psychological support strategies.

O uso de tabaco é responsável pelo maior número de mortes evitáveis no mundo e predispõe seus usuários a doenças não transmissíveis e fatais, especialmente as doenças cardiovasculares. Mudanças no estilo de vida são eficazes no tratamento de pacientes com comorbidades relacionadas ao uso do tabaco e auxilia na prevenção de mortalidade prematura. Nosso objetivo foi analisar as evidências científicas acerca do sofrimento psicológico na cessação do tabagismo envolvendo pacientes que tiveram infarto agudo do miocárdio. Para tanto, realizamos uma revisão integrativa como forma de sumarizar os estudos relevantes sobre esse tema. As bases de dados selecionadas foram Scopus, PubMed Central, Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science (Coleção Principal), ScienceDirect, EMBASE, SciELO, LILACS e PsycINFO. Com base nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão adotados para o estudo, 14 artigos foram selecionados para análise. Esses estudos demonstraram que fumantes têm uma maior prevalência de sofrimento psicológico quando comparado a não fumantes, e os sintomas relacionados são muito frequentes nos fumantes com infarto agudo do miocárdio do que naqueles sem. A cessação do tabagismo depende da participação ativa do fumante, cuja motivação principal é a doença de base. A maioria dos artigos aponta para a necessidade da criação de subgrupos de tratamento como forma de melhorar a assistência prestada. Este estudo de revisão amplia o conhecimento sobre o tema abordado e mostra a necessidade de se investir em pesquisas futuras que analisem subgrupos de fumantes com as principais comorbidades relacionadas ao uso do tabaco, como o infarto agudo do miocárdio, desenvolvendo-se intervenções especificas e estratégias de apoio psicológico.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Flow chart of the article selection process.
Figura 1.
Figura 1.. Fluxograma relacionado ao processo de seleção dos artigos relevantes para a análise.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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