Treatment options and prognosis for repeatedly recurrent giant cell tumor of the spine

Abstract

Background: Giant cell tumor of the spine has high rate of postoperative recurrence. There are not much published studies on repeatedly recurrent GCTS (RRGCTS). Also, there are controversies as to the prognostic factors and treatment options for RRGCTS.

Methods and materials: A retrospective survival analysis between 2000 and September 2014 was performed on the 74 times of in-hospital treatment of the 21 patients. Recurrence-free survival was defined as the time between the date of surgery and the date of recurrence. Factors with P values <0.05 in univariate analysis were subjected to multivariate analysis by means of proportional hazard analysis.

Result: A total of 21 patients comprising ten males and 11 females with a mean age of 29.7 years (range 15-49) were included, with a total of 74 times of surgery performed. Eighteen patients had no evidence of disease. Univariate and multivariate analysis suggested that total spondylectomy and bisphosphonate therapy were independent prognostic factors for better RFS in RRGCTS patients.

Conclusion: Patients of RRGCTS are suitable for further surgical treatment with relatively good healing process and restoration of nervous function. Early diagnosis of recurrence may be associated with better prognosis. Total spondylectomy in combination with bisphosphonate therapy could reduce postoperative recurrence rate.

Keywords: Follow-up; Prognosis; Recurrence; Repeatedly recurrent giant cell tumor of the spine (RRGCTS).